Chapter 12.2

Question 1

Formula to find the distance of closest approach of an incoming particle to a target

Answer 1

d = k(2Ze^2)/KE

Question 2

Formula to find the angle at which a minimum will be formed when an electron or neutron diffracts around a nuclei

Answer 2

sinθ ≈ λ/b

Question 3

What is evidence for the existence of the strong nuclear force?

Answer 3

Deviations from perfect Rutherford scattering of particles in the gold foil experiment

Question 4

Why caused the existence of a third particle in the product of beta decay to be hypothesized?

Answer 4

The fact that the energy of electrons emitted were continuous, so a third very light particle should exist to carry the remaining energy

Question 5

Decay constant λ

Answer 5

Probability of decay per unit time

Question 6

Formula for number of nuclei present at a time t

Answer 6

N = N0e^(-λt)

Question 7

Formula for activity at a time t

Answer 7

A = λN0e^(-λt)

Question 8

Relationship between decay constant and half life

Answer 8

λT(1/2) = ln(2)