Chapter 5 Wordlist

Question 1

Appendectomy

Answer 1

a surgical operation in which the vermiform appendix is removed

Question 2

Appendix

Answer 2

a small pouch attached to the large intestine: helps in the proper movement and removal of waste matter in the digestive system, maintains gut flora, contains lymphatic vessels that regulate pathogens, and might even produce early defences that prevent deadly diseases

Question 3

Anorexia

Answer 3

an eating disorder causing people to obsess about weight and what they eat

Question 4

Bile

Answer 4

a bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

Question 5

Celiac

Answer 5

an immune reaction to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye

Question 6

Cholecystectomy

Answer 6

surgical removal of the gallbladder

Question 7

Choledochotomy

Answer 7

surgical incision of the common bile duct

Question 8

Choledocholithiasis

Answer 8

the presence of at least one gallstone in the common bile duct

Question 9

Colostomy

Answer 9

an opening in the large intestine, or the surgical procedure that creates one

Question 10

Emulsification

Answer 10

a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible owing to liquid-liquid phase separation.: part of two-phase systems of matter called colloids

Question 11

Duodenum

Answer 11

the first part of the small intestine: main role is to complete the first phase of digestion

Question 12

Stomatitis

Answer 12

a general term for an inflamed and sore mouth

Question 13

Hepatomegaly

Answer 13

an enlarged liver

Question 14

Hiatal Hernia

Answer 14

occurs when part of the stomach protrudes up into the chest through the sheet of muscle called the diaphragm

Question 15

Hypoglossal

Answer 15

one of 12 cranial nerves: the 12th cranial nerve or CNXII; ]starts at the base of your brain; travels down your neck and branches out, ending at the base and underside of your tongue

Question 16

Jaundice

Answer 16

a medical condition with yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, arising from excess of the pigment bilirubin and typically caused by obstruction of the bile duct, by liver disease, or by excessive breakdown of red blood cells

Question 17

Mastication

Answer 17

the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth

Question 18

Palatoplasty

Answer 18

a surgical procedure used to correct or reconstruct the palate in a person with a cleft palate

Question 19

Parenteral

Answer 19

administered or occurring elsewhere in the body than the mouth and alimentary canal

Question 20

Peristalsis

Answer 20

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward

Question 21

Pharyngeal

Answer 21

relating to the pharynx

Question 22

Postprandial

Answer 22

occurring after a meal

Question 23

Pyloric Sphincter

Answer 23

a ring of smooth muscle that connects the stomach and small intestine

Question 24

Crohn Disease

Answer 24

a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract

Question 25

Volvulus

Answer 25

occurs when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supplies it, causing a bowel obstruction

Question 26

Sublingual

Answer 26

situated or applied under the tongue

Question 27

Ascites

Answer 27

abdominal swelling caused by accumulation of fluid, most often related to liver disease

Question 28

Cirrhosis

Answer 28

chronic liver damage from a variety of causes leading to scarring and liver failure; usually caused by long term alcohol abuse

Question 29

Dysphagia

Answer 29

difficulty swallowing foods or liquids, arising from the throat or esophagus; ranging from mild difficulty to complete and painful blockage

Question 30

Etiology

Answer 30

the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition

Question 31

Flatus

Answer 31

air that moves from the digestive tract through the mouth (belching)

Question 32

Idiopathic

Answer 32

relating to or denoting any disease or condition which arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown

Question 33

Cholelithiasis

Answer 33

the presence of one or more calculi (gallstones) in the gallbladder