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Rice Medical Terminology > Chapter 5: Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Vocab Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles; pimples

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2
Q

Acrochordon

A

Small outgrowth of the epidermal and dermal tissue; skin tags

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3
Q

Actinic dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to radiant energy, such as X-rays, ultraviolet light, and sunlight

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4
Q

Albinism

A

Genetic condition in which there is partial or total absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes

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5
Q

Alopecia

A

Absence or loss of hair, especially if the head; baldness

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6
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Abnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating. May be congenital or disease related, generalize or localized, temporary or permanent

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7
Q

Autograft

A

Graft taken from one part of the patient’s body and transferred to another part of that same patient

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8
Q

Avulsion

A

Process of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as a finger or toe

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9
Q

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

A

Epithelial malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastasizes. It usually begins as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central depression

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10
Q

Bite

A

Injury in which part of the skin is torn by an insect, animal, or human, resulting in a combination of an abrasion, puncture, or laceration

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11
Q

Boil

A

Acute, infected, painful module formed in the subcutaneous layers of the skin, gland, or hair follicle; most often causes by the invasion of staphylococci; furuncle

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12
Q

Bulla

A

Larger blister; bleb

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13
Q

Burn

A

Injury to tissue caused by hear, fire, chemical agents, electricity, lightening, or radiation; classified according to degree or depth of skin damage. The three classifications are first degree, second degree, and third degree. Note: burns of the eye and internal organs are classified by site not by degree

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14
Q

Candidiasis

A

Infection of the skin or mucous membranes with any species of Candida but chiefly Candida albicans. Candida is a genus if yeasts.

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15
Q

Carbuncle

A

Infection of the subcutaneous tissue, usually composed of a cluster of boils.

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16
Q

Causalgia

A

Intense burning pain associated with trophic skin changes such as thinning of hair and loss of sweat glands due to peripheral nerve damage

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17
Q

Cellulitis

A

An acute, diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

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18
Q

Cicatrix

A

Scar left after the healing of a wound

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19
Q

Comedo

A

Blackhead

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20
Q

Corn

A

Condition of horny induration and thickening of the skin that may be soft or hard depending on location; caused by pressure, friction, or both from ill-fitting shoes

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21
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Technique of using subfreezing temperatures (usually with liquid nitrogen) to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction

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22
Q

Cutaneous

A

Pertaining to the skin

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23
Q

Cyst

A

Closed sac that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material

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24
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of foreign material or damaged or dead tissue, especially in a wound. It is used to promote healing and to prevent infection.

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25
Q

Decubitus (decub) ulcer

A

An area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broken down. Also known as a bedsore or pressure ulcer. The literal meaning of the word decubitus is “a lying down”

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26
Q

Dehiscence

A

Surgical complication where there is separation or bursting open of a surgical wound

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27
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Surgical procedure to remove acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin by using sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on an anesthetized epidermis

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28
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

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29
Q

Dermatologist

A

Physician who specializes in the study of the skin

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30
Q

Dermatology (Derm)

A

Study of the skin

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31
Q

Dermatome

A

Surgical instrument used to cut the skin for grafting

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32
Q

Dermomycosis

A

Skin condition caused by a fungus; also called dermatomycosis or tinea

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33
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Abnormal condition in which the blood seeps into the skin causing discolorations ranging from blue-black to greenish yellow; bruise

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34
Q

Eczema

A

An acute or chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythema, papeles, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs alone or in combination. The most promising treatment involves nonsteroidal skin medications classified as topical immunimodulators (TIMS) or topical calcineurin inhibitor

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35
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin; may he caused by capillary congestion, inflammation, heat, sunlight, or cold temperature. Erythema infectiosum is known as fifth disease, a mild, moderately contagious disease caused by the human parvovirus B-19. It is most commonly seen in school-age children and is thought to be spread via respiratory secretions from infected persons.

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36
Q

Erythroderma

A

Abnormal redness of the skin occurring over widespread areas of the body

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37
Q

Eschar

A

Slough, scab

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38
Q

Excoriation

A

Abrasion of the epidermis by scraping, trauma, chemicals, or burns

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39
Q

Exudate

A

An oozing of pus or serum

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40
Q

Folliculitis

A

Inflammation of a follicle or follicles

41
Q

Gangrene

A

Literally means “an eating sore”. It is a necrosis, or death, of tissue or bone that usually results from a deficient or absent blood supply to the area

42
Q

Herpes simplex

A

An inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpes virus (Type I); cold sore or fever blister

43
Q

Hidradenitis

A

Inflammation of the sweat glands

44
Q

Hives

A

Eruption of itching and burning swellings on the skin; urticaria

45
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

Abnormal condition of excessive sweating

46
Q

Hypodermic

A

Pertaining to under the skin or inserted under the skin, as a hypodermic injection

47
Q

Icteric

A

Pertaining to jaundice

48
Q

Impetigo

A

Skin infection marked by vesicles or bullae; usually caused by streptococcus (strep)or staphylococcus (staph)

49
Q

Integumentary

A

Covering; the skin, consisting of the dermis and the epidermis

50
Q

Intradermal (ID)

A

Pertaining to within the skin; as an intradermal injection

51
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow; a symptom of a disease in which there is excessive bile in the blood; the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes are yellow; icterus

52
Q

Keloid

A

Overgrowth of scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation

53
Q

Lentigo

A

Freckle; a flat, brownish spot on the skin sometimes caused by exposure to the sun and weather

54
Q

Leukoderma

A

Localized loss of pigmentation of the skin

55
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White spots or patches formed on the mucous membrane of the tongue or cheek; the spots are smooth, hard, and irregular in shape and can become malignant

56
Q

Lupus

A

Originally used to describe a destructive type of skin lesion; current usage of the word is usually in combination with the word vulgaris or erythematosus)

57
Q

Melanoma

A

Cancer that develops in the pigment cells of the skin; malignant black mole or tumor. Often the first sign of a melanoma is change in the size, shape, or color of a mole. The ABCDs of melanoma describe the changes that can occur in a more using the letters:
A- asymmetry; The shape of one half does not match the other
B- border; the edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C- Color; is uneven. Shades of black, brown, or tan or present. Areas of white, red, or blue may be seen.
D- diameter; there is a change in size

58
Q

Miliaria

A

Rash with tiny pinhead-sized papules, vesicles, and/or pustules commonly seen in newborns and infants; prickly heat. It is caused by excessive body warmth. There is retention of sweat in the sweat glands, which have become blocked or inflamed, and then rupture or leaked into the skin

59
Q

Mole

A

Pigmented, elevated spot above the surface of the skin; nevus

60
Q

Onychia

A

Inflammation of the nail bed resulting in loss of nail

61
Q

Onychomycosis

A

A fungal infection of the nails

62
Q

Pachyderma

A

Thick skin; also called pachydermia

63
Q

Paronychia

A

Infectious condition of the marginal structures around the nail

64
Q

Pediculosis

A

Condition of infestation with lice

65
Q

Petechiae

A

Small, pinpoint, purpleish hemorrhagic spots on the skin

66
Q

Pruritus

A

Severe itching

67
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin condition characterized by frequent episodes of redness, itching, and thick, dry scales on the skin

68
Q

Purpura

A

Purplish discoloration of the skin caused by extravasation of blood into the tissues

69
Q

Rhytidoplasty

A

Plastic surgery for the removal of wrinkles

70
Q

Rosacea

A

A chronic disease of the skin of the face marked by varying degrees of papules, pustules, erythema, telangiectasia, and hyperplasia of the soft tissues of the nose; usually occurs in middle-aged and older people

71
Q

Roseola

A

Any rose-colored rash marked by maculae or red spots on the skin

72
Q

Rubella

A

Systemic disease caused by a virus and characterized by a rash and fever; also called German measles and three-day measles

73
Q

Rubeola

A

Contagious disease characterized by fever, inflammation of the mucous membranes, and rose-colored spots on the skin; also called measles

74
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious skin disease characterized by papules, vesicles, pustules, burrows, and intense itching; it is caused by an arachnid, Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis, the itch mite; also called the itch

75
Q

Scar

A

Mark left by the healing process of a wound, sore, or injury

76
Q

Scleroderma

A

Chronic condition with hardening of the skin and other connective tissues of the body

77
Q

Seborrhea

A

Excessive flow (secretion) of oil from the sebaceous glands

78
Q

Sebum

A

Fatty or oily secretion produced by the sebaceous glands

79
Q

Senile keratosis

A

Condition occurring in older people wherein there is dry skin and localized scaling caused by excessive exposure to the sun

80
Q

Skin signs

A

Objective evidence of an illness or disorder. They can be seen, measured, or felt. Figure pg 111.

81
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

A

Malignant tu or of squamous epithelial tissue

82
Q

Striae

A

Streaks or lines on the breasts, thighs, abdomen, or buttocks caused by weakening of elastic tissue; an be caused by obesity or as a result of pregnancy

83
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Pertaining to below the skin, as a subcutaneous injection

84
Q

Subungual

A

Pertaining to below the nail

85
Q

Taut

A

Right, firm; to pull or draw tight a surface, such as the skin.

86
Q

Telangiectasia

A

A vascular lesión formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels that may appear as a birthmark; spider veins

87
Q

Thermoanesthesia

A

Inability to distinguish between the sensations of heat and cold

88
Q

Tinea

A

Contagious skin diseases affecting both him and and domestic animals, caused by a certain fungi and marked by the localized appearance of discolored, scaly patches on the skin; ringworm

89
Q

Trichomycosis

A

Fungal condition of the hair

90
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion or sore of the epidermis or mucous membrane

91
Q

Varicella

A

Contagious viral disease characterized by fever, headache, and a crop of red spots that become macules, papules, vesicles, and crusts; chickenpox

92
Q

Vitiligo

A

Skin condition characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation

93
Q

Wart

A

A skin lesion with a rough papillomatus surface (of viral origin) on the epidermis; verruca. A planter wart, Verruca plantaris, occurs on a pressure-bearing area, especially the sole of the foot.

94
Q

Wound

A

Injury to soft tissue caused by trauma; generally classified as open or closed.

95
Q

Xanthoderma

A

Yellowness of skin

96
Q

Xanthoma

A

Literally means yellow tumor; a soft, rounded plaque or nodule, usually in the eyelids, especially near the inner canthus

97
Q

Xeroderma

A

Dry skin

98
Q

Xerosis

A

Abnormal dryness of skin, mucous membranes, or the conjunctiva

Rice Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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