Chapter 5: Vocab Flashcards
Acne
Inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles; pimples
Acrochordon
Small outgrowth of the epidermal and dermal tissue; skin tags
Actinic dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to radiant energy, such as X-rays, ultraviolet light, and sunlight
Albinism
Genetic condition in which there is partial or total absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes
Alopecia
Absence or loss of hair, especially if the head; baldness
Anhidrosis
Abnormal condition in which there is a lack of or complete absence of sweating. May be congenital or disease related, generalize or localized, temporary or permanent
Autograft
Graft taken from one part of the patient’s body and transferred to another part of that same patient
Avulsion
Process of forcibly tearing off a part or structure of the body, such as a finger or toe
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
Epithelial malignant tumor of the skin that rarely metastasizes. It usually begins as a small, shiny papule and enlarges to form a whitish border around a central depression
Bite
Injury in which part of the skin is torn by an insect, animal, or human, resulting in a combination of an abrasion, puncture, or laceration
Boil
Acute, infected, painful module formed in the subcutaneous layers of the skin, gland, or hair follicle; most often causes by the invasion of staphylococci; furuncle
Bulla
Larger blister; bleb
Burn
Injury to tissue caused by hear, fire, chemical agents, electricity, lightening, or radiation; classified according to degree or depth of skin damage. The three classifications are first degree, second degree, and third degree. Note: burns of the eye and internal organs are classified by site not by degree
Candidiasis
Infection of the skin or mucous membranes with any species of Candida but chiefly Candida albicans. Candida is a genus if yeasts.
Carbuncle
Infection of the subcutaneous tissue, usually composed of a cluster of boils.
Causalgia
Intense burning pain associated with trophic skin changes such as thinning of hair and loss of sweat glands due to peripheral nerve damage
Cellulitis
An acute, diffuse inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
Cicatrix
Scar left after the healing of a wound
Comedo
Blackhead
Corn
Condition of horny induration and thickening of the skin that may be soft or hard depending on location; caused by pressure, friction, or both from ill-fitting shoes
Cryosurgery
Technique of using subfreezing temperatures (usually with liquid nitrogen) to produce well-demarcated areas of cell injury and destruction
Cutaneous
Pertaining to the skin
Cyst
Closed sac that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material
Debridement
Removal of foreign material or damaged or dead tissue, especially in a wound. It is used to promote healing and to prevent infection.
Decubitus (decub) ulcer
An area of skin and tissue that becomes injured or broken down. Also known as a bedsore or pressure ulcer. The literal meaning of the word decubitus is “a lying down”
Dehiscence
Surgical complication where there is separation or bursting open of a surgical wound
Dermabrasion
Surgical procedure to remove acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin by using sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on an anesthetized epidermis
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
Dermatologist
Physician who specializes in the study of the skin
Dermatology (Derm)
Study of the skin
Dermatome
Surgical instrument used to cut the skin for grafting
Dermomycosis
Skin condition caused by a fungus; also called dermatomycosis or tinea
Ecchymosis
Abnormal condition in which the blood seeps into the skin causing discolorations ranging from blue-black to greenish yellow; bruise
Eczema
An acute or chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythema, papeles, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs alone or in combination. The most promising treatment involves nonsteroidal skin medications classified as topical immunimodulators (TIMS) or topical calcineurin inhibitor
Erythema
Redness of the skin; may he caused by capillary congestion, inflammation, heat, sunlight, or cold temperature. Erythema infectiosum is known as fifth disease, a mild, moderately contagious disease caused by the human parvovirus B-19. It is most commonly seen in school-age children and is thought to be spread via respiratory secretions from infected persons.
Erythroderma
Abnormal redness of the skin occurring over widespread areas of the body
Eschar
Slough, scab
Excoriation
Abrasion of the epidermis by scraping, trauma, chemicals, or burns
Exudate
An oozing of pus or serum
Folliculitis
Inflammation of a follicle or follicles
Gangrene
Literally means “an eating sore”. It is a necrosis, or death, of tissue or bone that usually results from a deficient or absent blood supply to the area
Herpes simplex
An inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpes virus (Type I); cold sore or fever blister
Hidradenitis
Inflammation of the sweat glands
Hives
Eruption of itching and burning swellings on the skin; urticaria
Hyperhidrosis
Abnormal condition of excessive sweating
Hypodermic
Pertaining to under the skin or inserted under the skin, as a hypodermic injection
Icteric
Pertaining to jaundice
Impetigo
Skin infection marked by vesicles or bullae; usually caused by streptococcus (strep)or staphylococcus (staph)
Integumentary
Covering; the skin, consisting of the dermis and the epidermis
Intradermal (ID)
Pertaining to within the skin; as an intradermal injection
Jaundice
Yellow; a symptom of a disease in which there is excessive bile in the blood; the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes are yellow; icterus
Keloid
Overgrowth of scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation
Lentigo
Freckle; a flat, brownish spot on the skin sometimes caused by exposure to the sun and weather
Leukoderma
Localized loss of pigmentation of the skin
Leukoplakia
White spots or patches formed on the mucous membrane of the tongue or cheek; the spots are smooth, hard, and irregular in shape and can become malignant
Lupus
Originally used to describe a destructive type of skin lesion; current usage of the word is usually in combination with the word vulgaris or erythematosus)
Melanoma
Cancer that develops in the pigment cells of the skin; malignant black mole or tumor. Often the first sign of a melanoma is change in the size, shape, or color of a mole. The ABCDs of melanoma describe the changes that can occur in a more using the letters:
A- asymmetry; The shape of one half does not match the other
B- border; the edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C- Color; is uneven. Shades of black, brown, or tan or present. Areas of white, red, or blue may be seen.
D- diameter; there is a change in size
Miliaria
Rash with tiny pinhead-sized papules, vesicles, and/or pustules commonly seen in newborns and infants; prickly heat. It is caused by excessive body warmth. There is retention of sweat in the sweat glands, which have become blocked or inflamed, and then rupture or leaked into the skin
Mole
Pigmented, elevated spot above the surface of the skin; nevus
Onychia
Inflammation of the nail bed resulting in loss of nail
Onychomycosis
A fungal infection of the nails
Pachyderma
Thick skin; also called pachydermia
Paronychia
Infectious condition of the marginal structures around the nail
Pediculosis
Condition of infestation with lice
Petechiae
Small, pinpoint, purpleish hemorrhagic spots on the skin
Pruritus
Severe itching
Psoriasis
Chronic skin condition characterized by frequent episodes of redness, itching, and thick, dry scales on the skin
Purpura
Purplish discoloration of the skin caused by extravasation of blood into the tissues
Rhytidoplasty
Plastic surgery for the removal of wrinkles
Rosacea
A chronic disease of the skin of the face marked by varying degrees of papules, pustules, erythema, telangiectasia, and hyperplasia of the soft tissues of the nose; usually occurs in middle-aged and older people
Roseola
Any rose-colored rash marked by maculae or red spots on the skin
Rubella
Systemic disease caused by a virus and characterized by a rash and fever; also called German measles and three-day measles
Rubeola
Contagious disease characterized by fever, inflammation of the mucous membranes, and rose-colored spots on the skin; also called measles
Scabies
Contagious skin disease characterized by papules, vesicles, pustules, burrows, and intense itching; it is caused by an arachnid, Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis, the itch mite; also called the itch
Scar
Mark left by the healing process of a wound, sore, or injury
Scleroderma
Chronic condition with hardening of the skin and other connective tissues of the body
Seborrhea
Excessive flow (secretion) of oil from the sebaceous glands
Sebum
Fatty or oily secretion produced by the sebaceous glands
Senile keratosis
Condition occurring in older people wherein there is dry skin and localized scaling caused by excessive exposure to the sun
Skin signs
Objective evidence of an illness or disorder. They can be seen, measured, or felt. Figure pg 111.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
Malignant tu or of squamous epithelial tissue
Striae
Streaks or lines on the breasts, thighs, abdomen, or buttocks caused by weakening of elastic tissue; an be caused by obesity or as a result of pregnancy
Subcutaneous
Pertaining to below the skin, as a subcutaneous injection
Subungual
Pertaining to below the nail
Taut
Right, firm; to pull or draw tight a surface, such as the skin.
Telangiectasia
A vascular lesión formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels that may appear as a birthmark; spider veins
Thermoanesthesia
Inability to distinguish between the sensations of heat and cold
Tinea
Contagious skin diseases affecting both him and and domestic animals, caused by a certain fungi and marked by the localized appearance of discolored, scaly patches on the skin; ringworm
Trichomycosis
Fungal condition of the hair
Ulcer
Open lesion or sore of the epidermis or mucous membrane
Varicella
Contagious viral disease characterized by fever, headache, and a crop of red spots that become macules, papules, vesicles, and crusts; chickenpox
Vitiligo
Skin condition characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation
Wart
A skin lesion with a rough papillomatus surface (of viral origin) on the epidermis; verruca. A planter wart, Verruca plantaris, occurs on a pressure-bearing area, especially the sole of the foot.
Wound
Injury to soft tissue caused by trauma; generally classified as open or closed.
Xanthoderma
Yellowness of skin
Xanthoma
Literally means yellow tumor; a soft, rounded plaque or nodule, usually in the eyelids, especially near the inner canthus
Xeroderma
Dry skin
Xerosis
Abnormal dryness of skin, mucous membranes, or the conjunctiva
