Chapter 5 - Variations in Consciousness Flashcards
people’s experience of task unrelated thoughts
mind wandering
device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp
EEG
periodic fluctuations in physiological functioing
biological rhythms
the 24 hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species
circadian rhythms
machine that records muscular activity and tension
EMG
machine that records eye movement
EOG
consists of sleep stages 3 and 4, during which high-amplitude, low-frequency delta waves become prominent in EEG readings
slow wave sleep
relatively deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements; high frequency, low amplitude brain waves and vivid dreaming
REM sleep
sleep stages 1 to 4, which are marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, relatively little dreaming and varied EEG activity
non-REM sleep
REM sleep and slow wave sleep firm up learning by…
memory consolidation
neurogensis can occur during…
REM and slow wave sleep
chronic problems getting adequate sleep
difficult falling asleep, remaining asleep and early morning awakening
insomnia
disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking periods
can happen at any time
narcolepsy
frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep
sleep apnea
anxiety-arousing dreams that lead to awakening, usually from REM sleep
nightmares
abrupt awakenings from non REM sleep, accompanied by intense autonomic arousal and feelings of panic
night terrors
occurs when a person arises and wanders about while remaining asleep
sleep walking (somnambulism)
dreams in which people can think clearly about the circumstances of waking life and the fact that they are dreaming, yet they remain asleep in the midst of a vivid dream
lucid dreams
consists of the plot of a dream at the surface level
manifest content
hidden or disguised meanings of the events in the plot
latent content
dreams as wish fulfillment
Freud
problem-solving view
Cartwright
activation-synthesis model
Hobson & McCarley
a family of practices that train attention to heighten awareness and bring mental processes under greater voluntary control
meditation
drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain
morphine and heroin
narcotics
sleep inducing drugs that tend to decrease CNS activation and behavioural activity
sedatives
drugs that tend to increase CNS activation and behavioral activity
cocaine
stimulents
diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning, marked most prominently by distortions in sensory and perceptual experience
(LSD)
hallucinogens
hemp plant from which marijuana, hashish and THC are derived
cannabis
compound drug related to both amphetamines and hallucinogens
MDMA
when a person must continue to take drug to satisfy intense mental and emotional craving for the drug
psychological dependence
