Chapter 5: The Restoration: The Merry Monarch

Question 1

When did King Charles II return to London and become a king again? Hint: It was also his birthday

Answer 1

29 May 1660

Question 2

Why was King Charles II called the Merry Monarch?

Answer 2

He brought back everything and reversed all the things that Oliver Cromwell did that made him unpopular.

Question 3

What serious things did King Charles II do after becoming king?

Answer 3

He encouraged many good things. He was careful with relationships with the parliament.

Question 4

What did the Parliament ban after King Charles II had become king and when?

Answer 4

They banned all religious services except those of the Church of England in 1664.

Question 5

How many kids did King Charles II have? Who was up next for the throne?

Answer 5

King Charles II had 14 kids but none of them were between him and his wife, so legally they couldn’t become king. His younger brother James would take over.

Question 6

What is a plague?

Answer 6

A fast-spreading killer disease

Question 7

What is the great plague? List the amount of deaths, and the year it occurred in.

Answer 7

The great plague was a plague that killed roughly 100,000 people in 1665.

Question 8

Who was Samuel Pepys?

Answer 8

He was a member of the Parliament and wrote in his diary nearly everyday, and the diary still survives to this day. It told us about the spread of the Great Plague.

Question 9

What were the symptoms of the Great Plague?

Answer 9

The symptoms were:
- Painful swellings in the groin, armpit, and neck (due to buboes, which were huge red boils)
- Vomiting and fever
- Dizziness and hallucinations
- Bleeding under the skin (causes dark spots to appear all over the body)
- Coughing up blood

Question 10

Which kind of plague hit London in 1665? (What most historians decide on)

Answer 10

Most historians think it was the bubonic plague.

Question 11

What did people at the time think caused the Great Plague?

Answer 11

• Positions of planets
• Punishment of God
• By touching cats or dogs
• Caused by poisonous air (miasma)

Question 12

What did most people think was the cause of the Great Plague? What did they do about it?

Answer 12

Poisonous air called miasma. They smoked, chewed tobacco, or carried around flowers to remove bad air.

Question 13

What was the ACTUAL cause of the Great Plague?

Answer 13

The real cause was that it was spread by germs that lived inside the bloods of black rats and in the fleas.

Question 14

How did people try to deal with the plague?

Answer 14

They smoked, chewed tobacco, or carried around flowers to remove bad air. They wore a dead frog around the neck. They carried lucky charms. They placed a gold coin in vinegar for one day and then put it in their mouth.

Question 15

What attempts were given to control the plague?

Answer 15

Rules were made:
- Houses with plague victims should be marked with a red cross and the text “Lord have mercy on us”. No one can enter of leave the house for a month after the victim has died or recovered.
- The dead can only be buried at night and in special cemeteries
- Victims clothing should be burned
- Homeowners must sweep the streets outside their homes
- Dogs and cats are to be killed and all animals are banned from the city

Question 16

What did people notice about the Great Plague?

Answer 16

They noticed the dirtier/filthier areas had more plague victims, and also that a person was more likely to get the plague if they had been in contact with another plague victim

Question 17

What was the Bill of Mortality?

Answer 17

It was a book/sheet of paper where each week the number of dead and the cause of death were written on it.

Question 18

What was the impact of the Great Plague?

Answer 18

Most rich Londoners moved away from London, including King Charles II
Parliament was postponed and court cases were moved to Oxford.
Some people had to beg because of how badly it hurt buisnesses.
Over half a million people died throughout the entire country

Question 19

Around when did the plague start to end?

Answer 19

December 1665

Question 20

When did the Great Fire of London start?

Answer 20

2 September 1666

Question 21

How long did the Great Fire of London last?

Answer 21

3 days

Question 22

How many homes were destroyed in the Great Fire of London?

Answer 22

13,000

Question 23

Why did the Great Fire of London spread so quickly?

Answer 23

The houses were very close to each other
The houses were made out of wood
There was strong winds

Question 24

What methods were used to stop the Great Fire of London?

Answer 24

Pouring water, failed.
Destroy some homes before the fire got to it to stop the fire from passing through it. The idea was to create a fire break.

Question 25

What did Londoners do about the Great fire of London?

Answer 25

They loaded their possessions onto carts and fled the city.

Question 26

How was the Great Fire of London stopped?

Answer 26

Rows of homes were blown up with gunpowder, stopping the spread of the fire.

Question 27

How many people went homeless?

Answer 27

100,000 People were made homeless

Question 28

Where was the fire started?

Answer 28

In a bakery in Pudding Lane

Question 29

What happened after the Great Fire of London (How was London rebuilt)

Answer 29

It was rebuilt with rules:
- new homes out of wood is banned
- all new houses should be built of brick or stone
- all new streets must be wide
- houses over 9m wide are only allowed on main streets
- 100 streets have to be widened
- sewers will be built

Question 30

Who is Christopher Wren?

Answer 30

A architect who wrote up ideas for London after the whole city was burnt. He designed the famous St Paul Cathedral