Chapter 5 Terms

Question 1

Established assemblies that reinforced the principle of representation, encouraged political participation, and provided leadership training in the difficult art of self-government

Answer 1

Legislative government

Question 2

Implies that there are certain rights of which the government cannot rightfully deprive man; government was limited in its reach by laws that all men, including the king, were bound to obey

Answer 2

Limited government

Question 3

The first representative assembly in the New World

Answer 3

House of Burgesses

Question 4

In 1760, what two catalytic events occurred then that over a period of time would shake an America ripe for independence?

Answer 4

• the end of the French and Indian War when the last French stronghold surrendered to the British
• the ascension of George III to the throne

Question 5

What act in what year was the beginning of a series of taxes and trade restrictions on the colonies that produced more resentment than revenue from America?

Answer 5

Stamp Act in 1765

Question 6

A document guaranteeing basic civil liberties to all British subjects

Answer 6

Petition of Right

Question 7

An act of protest in which business is withheld or refused

Answer 7

Boycott

Question 8

What assembly gathered in Philadelphia in September with representatives from every colony except Georgia?

Answer 8

First Continental Congress

Question 9

What assembly reconvened in 1775-89 when the call for complete independence was inevitable?

Answer 9

Second Continental Congress

Question 10

The task of creating what document was left to a committee of five appointed by Congress?

Answer 10

Declaration of Independence

Question 11

Who wrote up a draft of the Declaration and submitted it to Congress on June 28, 1776?

Answer 11

Thomas Jefferson

Question 12

As president of the Continental Congress, who signed the Declaration first with a large, bold signature?

Answer 12

John Hancock

Question 13

What age did the Declaration reflect that stressed the importance of natural laws that govern the universe, and in this case, government?

Answer 13

Age of Enlightenment

Question 14

John Locke’s writings on this theory of government influenced America’s founding fathers

Answer 14

Social contract

Question 15

What was a religious outgrowth of the Enlightenment—regarded God as something of a heavenly clockmaker who had started the world in motion, established natural law, and then had little else to do with the affairs of man?

Answer 15

Deism

Question 16

The result of the meeting of the Second Continental Congress that set about to establish a central government based on the consent of the newly formed state governments

Answer 16

Articles of Confederation

Question 17

What year were the Articles of Confederation sent to the thirteen states for approval?

Answer 17

1777

Question 18

What approval process required the unanimous consent of the states and was therefore difficult to complete?

Answer 18

Ratification

Question 19

What year did Maryland hold out on ratifying the Articles of Confederation until because of a squabble with Virginia over western land claims?

Answer 19

1781

Question 20

One house legislature

Answer 20

Unicameral

Question 21

In what year did a commercial dispute between Virginia and Maryland over navigation rights on the Potomac bring representatives from both states to Alexandria, Virginia to negotiate a settlement?

Answer 21

1785

Question 22

George Washington’s home he invited men to to settle the dispute

Answer 22

Mount Vernon

Question 23

In what year did the Virginia legislature call on all the states to send representatives to Annapolis in order to “recommend a federal plan for regulating commerce”?

Answer 23

1786

Question 24

What was was poorly attended- only five states sent representatives, amounting to only a dozen delegates?

Answer 24

Annapolis Convention

Question 25

What convention got under way in 1787 with four months of difficult debates and tough questions ahead?

Answer 25

Constitutional Convention

Question 26

Who was unanimously elected to head the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 26

George Washington

Question 27

Whose immense influence earned him the title Father of the Constitution?

Answer 27

James Madison

Question 28

What plan advocated a bicameral Congress, with the number of representatives based on state population or on the amount of revenue that a state provided the national government?

Answer 28

Virginia Plan

Question 29

What plan advocated a unicameral Congress, maintaining the one-state one-vote principle of the Confederation?

Answer 29

New Jersey Plan

Question 30

What proposed making representation in the lower house based on state population, whereas representation in the Senate would be equal for all states regardless of size?

Answer 30

Connecticut Compromise or Great Compromise

Question 31

What settlement stated slaves would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in the House, but slave states would also have to pay taxes on them at the same rate?

Answer 31

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 32

On what day did the delegates gather to sign the official engrossed copy of the Constitution?

Answer 32

September 17th, 1787

Question 33

Advocates of the Constitution

Answer 33

Federalists

Question 34

Opposed the new plan of government

Answer 34

Anti-Federalists

Question 35

What answered the objections of the Anti-Federalists by carefully explaining and forcefully defending constitutional provisions of power and predicting dire consequences if the Constitution were rejected?

Answer 35

The Federalist Papers

Question 36

In what year was the world’s first constitutional democracy instituted?

Answer 36

1789

Question 37

Provided order and leadership in the pioneer communities

Answer 37

Local government