Chapter 5 Study Guide Answers Flashcards
Sensation vs. Perception
Sensation is what happens when our sensory modalities (vision, hearing, taste, etc.) are activated vs. Perception is how we understand these senses.
Parts of the eye
Pupil, Lens, Retina, Fovea and Optic Nerve.
What is the function of the pupil?
Light passes through.
Lens
Image is projected onto the retina. Gets reflected off the lens.
Retina
Light passes through the LENS and an image is projected onto the retina. (Located back of the eye)
Fovea
The retina’s area of central focus.
Optic Nerve
Carries neural signals to the brain. Cross and go to the opposite side of brain.
Blind spot
Peripheral vision. Optic nerve leaves the eye.
Rods vs. Cones
Rods is your night vision vs. cones are the color vision DIRECT link to brain.
Path of the optic Nerve to the Visual Cortex
Views to the opposite side of the brain.
Wavelength
Distance from one wave peak to the next.
Hue
The COLOR we see.
Intensity
Amount of energy in light waves, determines brightness.
Opponent process theory of color vision
Color vision is created when 3 sets of colors oppose each other, Red-green, yellow-blue, white-black. One is turned ON other is OFF.
Color Constancy
Knowing an object’s color even if looking through tinted windows.
Size Constancy
The illusion of an object looking bigger in a photo because it is closer. However, it’s the same size.
Shape constancy
Shape Constancy is the tendency to perceive an object as having the same shape regardless of its orientation or the angle from which we view it.
Trichromatic Theory of Color vision
Cones interpret color in teams of three. Red, green, blue on the retina.
Color Blindness
Loss of color, usually red and green due to the cones. Occurs mostly in male.
Parts of the ear
Pitch, Amplitude, Hair cells, Absolute Pitch
Pitch
the wavelength of sound.
Amplitude
Loudness
Hair cells
Inside the cochlea
Process of hearing
Eardrum Hammer Anvil Cochlea Hair cells -Inside the cochlea Auditory nerve
Conduction vs. Sensorineural deafness
Conduction deafness- Problem with physical ear itself.
Sensorineural Deafness- Problem with nerve pulse transmission, causes nerve deafness.
Tone deafness
Cannot tell a difference in pitch.
Vestibular System
The cochlea of ear is filled with liquid. It can tell if the person’s head is tilting or not BALANCE SYSTEM.
Cutaneous system
The skin.
Gate Theory of Pain
THe spinal cord has pain gates that open or close to allow or block pain.
Substance P
Pain signal
Capsaicin
Mirrors substance P.
Endorphins
The body’s natural pain killer. The substance P cannot get through.
Phantom Limb
Long Island Medium
Process of tasting and Smelling (Gustatory and Olfactory sensation)
Inhaling and goes to the gustatory bulb, tasting is the buds. Which taste can be found in the TEMPORAL LOBE.
Pheromones
Chemicals that affect behavior of a species
Like girls in neck and guys in hair
Sensory Threshold (Absolute threshold)
When you can detect something 50% of the time.
Subliminal perception
Perceiving stimuli below the conscious level. (Little Mermaid)
Feature detector
Can detect different features. (Smooth wall)
Gestalt Psychology
The whole is better than the parts. (Car)
Proximity
Groups nearby figures together. 2 sets of two rather than 4 individual.
Grouping
Grouping stimuli together.
Closure
Filling in gaps to create a whole picture.
Continuation
Recognizing smooth continuous patterns.
Retinal Disparity
The image you get from one eye or both eyes when open. (Judge distance)
Motion Parallax
The things that are closer to you move by quick, and the farther away look like they are following. (Car and the moon is following you)
