chapter 5 -Speech Sounds Flashcards
1
Q
Speech Mechanisms - ventilatory system
A
- inhalation
- diaphragm
- vocal folds/cords
2
Q
Speech Mechanisms -Larynx/ Voice Box
A
- upper end of trachea (windpipe)
- vocal folds
- rapid vibration produces sound (voice)
- chops air
3
Q
Speech Mechanisms- Cavities/moveable parts
A
- vocal tract
- oral cavity (mouth)
- nasal cavity
- pharyngeal cavity (pharynx)
- articulators
- regulate air pressure
- dynamic: lips, tongue, lower jaw, soft palate/velum
- static: teeth, hard palate
4
Q
Speech Sounds -Voiced
A
- all vowels, some consonants
- vibrations
5
Q
Speech Sounds -unvoiced
A
- consonants only
- no vibration
6
Q
Speech Sounds -Diphthongs
A
- vowel-like sounds produced with gradually changing articulation
- vibration
7
Q
Speech Sounds -Nasals
A
-can’t pronounce if you hold your nose
8
Q
Speech Sounds -Approximants
A
- consonant sounds
- glides: movement from one sound to another (wake, w/j )
- liquid: no movement (l/ake, r/ake)
9
Q
Stop Sounds -/p/ & /b/ -/t/ & /d/ -Unvoiced and Voiced /k/ & /g/
A
1) Closure in oral cavity
2) Build up pressure
3) Sudden release
- lips
- tongue, alveolar ridge
- tongue, velum, soft palate
10
Q
Fricatives
A
- can be prolonged
- significant constriction in vocal tract
- pressure then forcing air through constriction
- closure not complete
- unvoiced: /f/ fish, /S/ shoe, /s/ sun
- voiced: /v/ vase, /z/ zoo
11
Q
Voice Quality
A
- stress: syllable is louder, longer, higher pitch
- intonation: question v. statement
- rising end = ?
- rising -> falling = .
12
Q
Speech Problems
A
-stuttering
13
Q
Speech Problems -cluttering
A
- disorganized
- long
- insert words that aren’t there
- run words together
- leaves off sounds
- mumbles sounds
14
Q
Speech Problems -articulation disorder
A
-producing certain sounds. ex. ‘r’
15
Q
Speech Problems -apraxia
A
-dropping off parts of words and missing sounds
