Chapter 5 - Social Structure, Groups and Organizations Flashcards
Status Set
A set of statuses an individual will hold at a given time. (Example: When at home @4:30 pm I am an American, Salvadorian, Father, Husband, son in law, uncle.)
Master Status
A particular status that stands out among all the others you occupy and shapes how you and others view you. (Example: Doctors are seen with lots of respect to patients and themselves.)
Roles
Different expectations of behavior associated to a status. One status has a set of roles (role sets) to define it. (Example: Father (status), is caring, nurturing, understanding, (roles)).
Prescribed Role
Roles assigned to a status by society.
Role perception
Our own individual perception of a certain role.
Role Performance
The difference between prescribed role and our own role perception. (How a person behaves in contrast to how society thinks they should act.
Status
A socially defined position that an individual occupies.
Role Ambiguity
When expectations associated with a particular social status are unclear.
Role Strain
Results from a single role overload or from contradictory demands placed on a given status. (Example: roles of a student having to get straight A’s is a strain on having to study a lot.)
Role conflict
When two or more roles of different statuses contradict each other. (example: When teens want to be good and please their parents but also want to please their friends who want to do bad things.)
Pattern Variables
Sets of contrasting role expectations regarding judgement, emotions, depth of the relationship, self or collective focus and The extent to which ascribed or achieved statuses guide the relationship. (how much feeling importance you’re going to give someone).
Universalism vs Particularism
How much favoritism you will be giving to someone.
Universalism - How you would treat EVERYONE!! Not treating anyone differently. (Teachers and Students)
Particularism - Showing favor to someone. (Parent and child)
Affective neutrality vs Affectivity (instrumentalism vs emotion)
The amount of emotion that will be given to a relationship
Affective neutrality - showing no emotion (Doctor to patient)
Affectivity - Showing lots of emotion (Husband to Wife).
Specificity vs diffuseness
How much focus, scope, purpose, you will put into a relationship
Specificity - narrow range of subjects (a doctor needed for health)
Diffuseness (spreading) - Wide range of subjects (Friends can be there for advice on any subject, love, health, entertainment, etc…)
Self orientation vs Collective Orientation
How much interest is going to be on ourselves or the group
Self orientation - (I will vote on what I want)
Collective Orientation - (making a decision like to work overtime to help the group finish a project.)
Ascription vs achievement
A relationship that has been achieved or born into.
Ascription - The way you would treat your mother because she is your mother.
Achievement - the way you would treat a friend that has earned respect and love.
Social group
A group where two or more people physically or socially interact.
Social Group
A group of people where you socialize and interact with each other. (Example: soccer team, classmates, family, church group)
Non-social group
A group where no one is social or interacting, like statistical group or categorical group. (Stuck in a traffic jam you would be in the group of people stuck in traffic). (In studies you are in a grouped based on your race, gender, age. You don’t know who else is in the group but you are considered part of it.)
Limited social groups
Aggregate groups - where people are together in a place but interact very little and sporadically (line at a store).
Associational or organizational groups- A group of people who join together to pursue a common interest in an organized formal structured way (church, Walk for cancer- don’t necessarily know all of them).
Social group
Involves the following 1) some type of interaction, 2) a sense of belonging or membership, 3) shared interests or agreement to norms and goals, 4) a structure that is definable. (Soccer team -1) play together, 2) joined a team, 3) to win games, 4) game rules, practice rules. )
Primary Group
Small informal groups of people who interact in a personal, direct, and intimate way. (Family, friends)
Secondary Group
A group whose members interact in a impersonal manner, have few emotional ties, and come together for a specific purpose (group of students, coworkers)
In group
Anyone in your group
