Chapter 5 - Reproductive System

Question 1

reproductive system functions

Answer 1

• production of gametes
• fertilization
• development and nourishment of a new individual
• production of reproductive hormones

Question 2

male reproductive organs

Answer 2

• ureter
• urethra
• urinary bladder
• seminal vesicle
• ejaculatory duct
• rectum
• prostate gland
• bulbourethral gland
• anus
• penis
• glans penis
• prepuce
• ductus deferens
• epididymis
• testis
• scrotum

Question 3

female reproductive organs

Answer 3

• mammary gland (in breast)
• uterine tube
• ovary
• uterus
• vagina

Question 4

what are gametes

Answer 4

• sex cells
• sperm in males
• oocyte (eggs) in females
  each sperm and oocyte contain 23 chromosomes

Question 5

what is meiosis

Answer 5

a special type of cell division that leads to formation of sex cells

Question 6

fertilization to fetus

Answer 6

fertilization : union of sperm and oocyte
zygote: develops after fertilization, develops into an embryo 3 to 14 days after fertilization
embryo: 14 to 56 days after fertilization
fetus: 56 days after fertilization

Question 7

scrotum

Answer 7

• contains testes (singular: testis)
• sperm must develop at temperature lower than body temperature

Question 8

testes

Answer 8

• primary male reproductive organ
• produces sperm
• in scrotum

Question 9

what does the testes contain

Answer 9

• interstitial cells -> secrete testosterone
• germ cells -> cells that sperm cells arise from
• sustentacular cells -> nourish germ cells and produce hormones
• seminiferous tubules: where sperm is produces

Question 10

epididymis

Answer 10

• thread-like tubules on side of each testis
• where seminiferous tubules empty new sperm
• where sperm continue to mature and develop ability to swim and bind to oocytes

Question 11

ductus deferens

Answer 11

• “vas deferens”
• extends from epididymis and joins seminal vesicle
• cut during a vasectomy

Question 12

urethra

Answer 12

• extends from urinary bladder to end of penis
• passage way for urine and male reproductive fluids

Question 13

penis

Answer 13

• transfer sperms from male to female
• excrete urine

Question 14

male reproductive system glands

Answer 14

seminal vesicles: next to ductus deferens, helps form ejaculatory duct
prostate glands: surrounds urethra, size of a walnut
bulbourethral gland: small mucus secreting glands near base of prostate gland

Question 15

semen

Answer 15

• mixture of sperm and secretion from glands
• provides a transport medium and nutrients that:
  -> protect and activate sperm
  -> 60% seminal vesicles, 30% prostate gland, 5% bulbourethral gland, 5% testes