Chapter 5 Pregnancy, Birth, Newborn

Question 1

teratogens

Answer 1

harmful substances to the baby. “Substances that cause birth defects. Alcohol, drugs, hormones, tobacco, vintamin A, accutane, caffeine, antihistimines, corticosteroids”

Question 2

The first stage of labor is?

Answer 2

Opening of the Cervix or dilation, about twelve to fourteen hours.

Question 3

The second stage of labor is?

Answer 3

Birth of the baby which takes from ten minutes to three hours or more.

Question 4

The last stage of labor is?

Answer 4

delivery of the placenta

Question 5

major growth spurts in neuronal development

Answer 5

“first spurt in last trimester- second spurt, 1st year of life, 3rd spurt pre-puberty, increased growth in gray matter- frontal lobe”

Question 6

Prematurity

Answer 6

“Premature babies face problems associated with low birth weight, such as respiraroty difficulties, feeding problems, and jaundice”

Question 7

Neonatal intensive care

Answer 7

kangaroo care (letting the father or mother have skin to skin), more contact between babies and parents in neonatal icu, advances in technolgy have made it possible for 24 week children to survive

Question 8

Multiple gestation babies and parental reactions

Answer 8

“Twins, triplets etc. are twice as likely to have birth defects, and consequently also spend more time in the hospital (211), paretns often experience more stress and depression that do families with single infants (229)”

Question 9

Reflexes of infants

Answer 9

“Moro reflex- when startled, arch the back, throw out arms and grasp with fingers. Babinski reflex- when stroked on bottom of foot, fan out their toes.”

Question 10

Attachment theory

Answer 10

“John Bowlby; babies form close, intimate relationships with caregiver to ensure its survival. Secure, anxious or avoidant attachments.”