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Bio quiz > Chapter 5 plasma membrane > Flashcards

Chapter 5 plasma membrane Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define all of the many functions of plasma membrane

CRPT

A

compartment
Regulates passage of materials
Participates in chemical reactions
Transmit signals between cell interor and the environment

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2
Q

What does it mean for the plasma membrane be selectively permeable

A

Materials are able to freely enter or leave cell

While some other materials cannot

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3
Q

What is the plasma membrane made up of

A

Phospholipids, Carbohydrates, and Proteins

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4
Q

Explain the Fluid Mosaic Model

A

Coined up from signer and Nicholson which describes the fluid structure of the phospholipid bilayer where each membrane is isolated from each other

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5
Q

Describe the Structure of Phospholipids

A

Made up of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic fatty acid tails. Then a saturated and a unsaturated tail

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6
Q

What is a Integral membrane protein

A

Extend into the tails section

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7
Q

Peripheral membrane proteins

A

Stuck to the head on one side

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8
Q

What are example of some membrane proteins

A

Lipoproteins -> Covalent bond holding protein and lipid

Glycoproteins -> covalent bond holding protein and oligosaccharide

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9
Q

What are some membrane proteins and their functions SETRS

A

Structural - cell uses this to connect to something
Enzyme - Catalyzes reactions when needed
Transport - Channels or pumps transport ions
Receptor - Receive information and bring inside
Signal - Activate a patway that passes signals into cell

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10
Q

What does membrane transport refer to

A

Passive - requires no energy

Active - requires energy or ATP

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11
Q

With more detail explain Selective permeability

A

Small molecules that are non polar pass through with ease

Larger and polar molecules cannot

Proteins such as transport allow larger and polar to cross

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12
Q

What is Passive transport

A

A passive transport is a diffusion when a substance moves down its concentration gradient

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13
Q

Explain Diffusion

A

The energy releasing process of the spreading of any atoms from higher to lower concentration

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14
Q

Explain the three processess that affect diffusion that were talked about in the slides

A

Temperature
Concentration gradient difference
Size

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15
Q

What are the terms we use to describe diffusion

A

Hyper tonic
Hypo tonic
Iso tonic

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16
Q

What is Dialysis and Osmosis

A

Dialysis refers to the solute diffusion across a membrane
and
Osmosis refers to the solvent diffusion across a membrane

17
Q

What direction does osmosis diffuse

A

Osmosis always moves toward the higher solute concentration

18
Q

What is osmotic pressure

A

The physical pressure to stop water flow

19
Q

What is Tonicity

A

Refers to the volume of a cell in relation to how a solution can affect it by osmosis

20
Q

What is Iso, Hypo and Hyper

A

Iso is the solute concentration is equal
Hypotonic is the solute concertation is less on the side you are talking about
Hypertonic on the side you are talking about is more

21
Q

Explain Passive Transport

A

No energy required
Energy releasing
Dialysis, and osmosis

Some substances require proteins to help cross the membrane this is called facilitated diffusion

22
Q

Explain Active Transport

A

Energy required and is not diffusion

Energy inducing

23
Q

Explains Carrier proteins

And Explain Saturation

A

Carrier proteins are specific to substances and change shape of molecule

Rate of Transport Limited by number of transporters

24
Q

What are the types of active transport introduced in the slides

A

Primary where ATP provides energy

Secondary where electrochemical gradient provides energy

Bulk Transport molecules transported through vesicles

25
Q

How do Electrochemical Gradients arise?

A

From the chemical and electrical gradients

26
Q

What are three types of carrier proteins

A

Uniporter carries on molecule
Symporter carries two different molecules in same direction
Antiporter two different molecules

27
Q

Another type of Active transport is Bulk Transport explain the two types

A

Endocytosis the taking in of molecules

Exocytosis the releasing of molecules (Hormones, Waste)

28
Q

What are the three type of Endocytosis

A

Phago food molecule
Pino Watery fluid
Receptor mediated Endocytosis - Cells receptors bind with a specific set of ligands

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