Chapter 5-Periodic Table Flashcards
Main group elements
IA-VIIIA
Periodic law
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
Transition elements
In between the main group elements on the periodic table
Reactivity of metals increases as you go from
Right to left in a period
Top to bottom in a group
Most reactive metals
Alkali metals
Cs, Fr
Reactivity of non metals increases as you go from
Left to right in a period
Bottom to top in a group
EXCLUDING NOBLE GASSES
Most reactive non metals
Halogens
Fl
Atomic radius increases as you go from
Top to bottom in a group
Right to left in a period
Atomic radius
1/2 the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together
Non metals typically form
Anions
Metals typically form
Cations
Ionization
Any process that results in the formation of an ion
Ionization energy
Energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
Ionization energy increases as you go from
Left to right in a period
Bottom to top in a group
Electron affinity
The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
_____ gain electrons easiest
Halogens
Which element has most negative electron affinity?
F
Formation if a cation means
Decrease in atomic radius
Formation of an anion means
Increase in atomic radius
Electronegativity
Measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound
What is the most electronegative element?
F - 4.0
Electro negativity increases as you go from
Left to right in a period
Bottom to top in a group
EXCLUDING NOBLE GASSAS
Octet rule
Atoms are most stable when they have eight valence electrons
Johann doberiener
Organized elements into triads
