Chapter 1-Matter&Change

Question 0

what is NOT matter?

Answer 0

•vacuums •light •energy •sound •time •thoughts/ideas

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

mass

Answer 2

the amount of matter in an object

Question 3

volume

Answer 3

the amount of space an object takes up

Question 4

weight

Answer 4

the amount of force exerted on an object by gravity

Question 5

states of matter

Answer 5

solid
liquid
gas
plasma

Question 6

what differentiates the states of matter from one another?

Answer 6

how the atoms/molecules of a substance are arranged (typically determined by temperature

Question 7

what are the characteristics of a solid?

Answer 7

packed particles

definite volume&definite shape

Question 8

what are the characteristics of a liquid?

Answer 8

somewhat packed particles

definite volume but indefinite shape

Question 9

what are the characteristics of a gas?

Answer 9

spread out particles

neither definite shape nor definite volume

Question 10

condensation

Answer 10

gas to liquid

Question 11

freezing

Answer 11

liquid to solid

Question 12

melting

Answer 12

solid to liquid

Question 13

evaporating

Answer 13

liquid to gas

Question 14

sublimation

Answer 14

solid to gas

Question 15

deposition

Answer 15

gas to solid

Question 16

physical properties

Answer 16

can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
(melting point, boiling point, color, luster, conductivity)

Question 17

physical change

Answer 17

any change in a substance that does not require a change in the identity of the substance
(grinding, cutting, melting, boiling)

Question 18

chemical property

Answer 18

can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance
(flammability, reactivity)

Question 19

chemical change

Answer 19

change in a substance that involves a change in the identity of the substance
(all reactions are chemical changes)

Question 20

indications that a chemical change is occuring?

Answer 20

color change
gas released
energy change (light, heat)
precipitate formed

Question 21

extensive properties

Answer 21

do depend on the amount of substance present

mass, volume, amount of energy within a substance

Question 22

intensive properties

Answer 22

do not depend on the amount of substance present

color, density, melting point, luster

Question 23

atoms

Answer 23

smallest unit of an element that still retains all the chemical properties of that element

Question 24

element

Answer 24

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom (gold, silver, helium, hydrogen)

Question 25

compound

Answer 25

substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded (water)

Question 26

is water an element or a compound?

Answer 26

compound | made of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 27

particles

Answer 27

can refer to either atoms or molecules

Question 28

you can have a molecule of an ______ or a molecule of a _______ but not an atom of a _______

Answer 28

element compound compound

Question 29

pure substance

Answer 29

made of only one element or compound has fixed composition every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properties and exactly the same composition

Question 30

mixture

Answer 30

combination of more than one element or compound which are not chemically bonded together

Question 31

the components of a mixture can by separated by _____ changes

Answer 31

physical

Question 32

reactants

Answer 32

elements or compounds that you start with and react together to form a new substance

Question 33

products

Answer 33

substances that form as a result if the reaction

Question 34

homogenous mixture

Answer 34

a mixture that has the same consistency throughout | component parts are evenly distributed

Question 35

solutions are _______ mixtures

Answer 35

homogenous

Question 36

heterogenous mixtures

Answer 36

mixtures that have uneven distribution (consistency) of substances throughout

Question 37

periodic table

Answer 37

arrangement of elements based on similar chemical properties

Question 38

periods

Answer 38

horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table | physical and chemical properties change across a period

Question 39

groups/families

Answer 39

vertical columns of elements on the table | each group contains elements with similar chemical properties

Question 40

elements in the same _______ have very similar properties

Answer 40

group/family

Question 41

where are metals found in relation to the metalloids?

Answer 41

to the left

Question 42

where are nonmetals found in relation to the metalloids?

Answer 42

to the right

Question 43

metals

Answer 43

an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor have high tensile strength (resist breaking) malleable (can be hammered) ductile (can be drawn into wire) lustrous solid at room temperature

Question 44

nonmetals

Answer 44

an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity gasses at room temperature solid nonmetals are brittle

Question 45

alkali metals

Answer 45

group IA on periodic table silver in color soft enough to cut with a knife reactive with nonmetals and with water

Question 46

alkaline earth metals

Answer 46

group IIA on periodic table harder and stronger than alkali metals very reactive but less so than alkali metals have higher melting points

Question 47

halogens

Answer 47

group VIIA on periodic table most reactive nonmetals react with metals to form salts

Question 48

noble gasses

Answer 48

group VIIIA on periodic table extremely unreactive (inert) only family consisting of all gasses

Question 49

metalloids

Answer 49

an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals some have metallic luster semiconductors of electricity less malleable than metals but not as brittle as nonmetals

Question 50

chemical

Answer 50

any substance that has definite composition or is used or produced in a chemical process