Chapter 5: Patient Education

Question 1

• a radiographic procedure that uses special equipment to produce images of high contrast and high resolution for the diagnosis of breast lesions

Answer 1

Mammography

Question 2

The American Cancer Society recommends annual mammograms beginning at age ___

Answer 2

40

Question 3

Patients are instructed ____ underarm deodorant and not to apply powder or lotions on the breasts or axillary area

Answer 3

not to use

Question 4

When previous mammograms are available, every effort must be made to obtain them, because ____ is often significant in radiologic diagnosis.

Answer 4

comparative evaluation

Question 5

At the age of ____, woman should have the choice to start annual breast cancer screening with mammograms if they wish to do so.

Answer 5

Ages 40-44

Question 6

At the age of ____, woman should get mammogram every year.

Answer 6

Ages 45-54

Question 7

At the age of____, woman can switch to mammograms every two years, or can continue yearly screening, Screening should continue as long as a woman is in good health and is expected to live 10 more years or longer.

Answer 7

Age 55 and older

Question 8

_____should be constructed so that the posterior edges and the surface are straight, not rounded

Answer 8

Compression devices

Question 9

Compression devices are made of

Answer 9

polycarbonate resin

Question 10

Types of Compression Plates

Answer 10

Straight Edge Compression Plate
Curved Edge Compression Plate
High Wall Compression Plate
Swiss Cheese Biopsy Compression
Biopsy Compression and Localization
Spot Compression Plates

Question 11

• Features 75 cm. (3 in.) high wall and straight, edge
• Enhances access to a larger area of the breast near the thorax by preventing the surrounding body tissues from occluding the examined area
• For use with 8x10in. [18×24cm]or
10x12in.(24x30cm.) cassettes

Answer 11

High Wall Compression Plate

Question 12

•For needle localization with pyramid hole pattern
•Cannot be used with DMR

Answer 12

Swiss Cheese Biopsy Compression Plate

Question 13

• Features 1 in high wall and straight edge
• For use with 8x10in. (18x24cm) or 10x12 in.(24×30cm.] cassettes

Answer 13

Straight Edge Compression Plate

Question 14

•Features 25 cm. high wall and curved edge
• For use with 8x10in. (18×24cm) or 10x12in (24×30cm) cassettes

Answer 14

Curved Edge Compression Plate

Question 15

Compression plate for needle localization, with 1 in. high wall, straight edge and 4 × 8 cm. needle localization opening (optical localizer paddle)

Answer 15

Biopsy Compression and Localization Plate

Question 16

• Allows compression to small areas and access through an aperture with alphanumeric labeling for the insertion of the J-wire
• X-ray opaque coordinated markings on the X and Y axis permit an easier, more accurate localization procedure
• Cannot be used with DMR

Answer 16

Biopsy Compression and Localization Plate

Question 17

• Provides compression to small areas and access through an aperture with alphanumeric labeling for the insertion
of the localizing needle with the J-wire
• E6310BH measures 2.75 in, diameter × 1.6 in, D, with 3x 3 cm. opening. For use with Senix 500T/600T
• E6310BJ measures 2.75 in, diameter × 1.6 in, D. Not for use with DMR

Answer 17

Spot Compression Plates

Question 18

• The maximum degree a patient’s breast can be compressed and the amount of compression
the patient cant tolerate.

Answer 18

PROPER COMPRESSION

Question 19

• The amount of compression required to bring the skin taut.
• Taut- to stretch or pull the skin

Answer 19

MINIMAL COMPRESSION

Question 20

• The point at which compression becomes painful for the individual patient

Answer 20

MAXIMUM COMPRESSION

Question 21

• Single greatest support to mammographic examination
• Very important for young adults aged 20 up and those that have history of breast cancer

Answer 21

Breast Self Examination (BSE)

Question 22

• Shower
• Easiest & reliable for most women

Answer 22

ERECT

Question 23

• Bathtub
• Usually easier for large-breasted women

Answer 23

SUPINE

Question 24

BSE should be done ____, starting at age 20 years old

Answer 24

monthly

Question 25

Yearly breast examinations by a health care professional should be performed for women older than age ____ years

Answer 25

40

Question 26

• Common in women ages 15-30 years • Childless women older than 30 years • Pregnant & lactating women • Most difficult to penetrate mammographically because of the dense composition with very little fatty tissue

Answer 26

FIBROGLANDULAR

Question 27

• Common in women ages 30-50 years • Younger women with multiple pregnancies • Easier to penetrate mammographically because the composition of the breast is half adipose and half fibroglandular

Answer 27

FIBROFATTY

Question 28

• Common in postmenopausal women older than 50 years o Atrophic breast with minimal tissue density • High fatty composition makes them easy to penetrate radiographically • Children, men & prepubescent girls

Answer 28

FATTY

Question 29

Indicates that there are some areas of non-dense tissue, but that the majority of the breast tissue is dense

Answer 29

Heterogeneuosly dense

Question 30

Indicates that nearly all of the breast tissue is dense

Answer 30

Extremely dense

Question 31

Indicates that the breast are almost entirely composed of fat

Answer 31

Almost entirely fatty

Question 32

Indicates that there are some scattered areas of density, but the majority of the breast tissue is non-dense

Answer 32

Scattered areas of fibroglandular density

Question 33

• Risk assessment and quality assurance tool developed by ACR • provides a widely accepted lexicon and reporting schema for imaging of the breast • applies to mammography, ultrasound and MRI

Answer 33

BI-RADS

Question 34

identifies a mammogram study that is not yet complete.

Answer 34

BI- RADS 0

Question 35

• means that the mammogram was negative (ie, no cancer) and that you should continue your routine screening

Answer 35

BI-RADS 1

Question 36

also means that your mammogram was normal (i.e. No cancer), but other findings (such as cysts) are described in the report.

Answer 36

BI- RADS 2

Question 37

• means that your mammogram is probably normal but a repeat mammogram should be completed in 6 months. • The chance of breast cancer is approximately 2% in this category. • You should make sure that these follow-up mammograms are completed as requested

Answer 37

BI- RADS 3

Question 38

means that the findings on your mammogram are suspicious and that there is approximately a 23% to 34% chance that this is breast cance

Answer 38

BI- RADS 4

Question 39

studies provide information by using positioning techniques that allow for better visualization of enhanced breast.

Answer 39

Augmented

Question 40

• To determine the site of a lesion preoperatively. • Precise needle replacement is of the utmost importance. • Procedural understanding by the patient is imperative

Answer 40

Needle Localization

Question 41

• To determine possible reason for abnormal nipple discharge

Answer 41

DUCTOGRAPHY/ GALACTOGRAPHY

Question 42

is performed when there is an accumulation of fluid or pus in the breast that needs further analysis

Answer 42

FNA

Question 43

Performed to obtain a specimen for a cytologic analysis

Answer 43

FNQ

Question 44

Enables diagnosis of breast malignancy with a more sensitive and specific modality than conventional mammography.

Answer 44

MRI

Question 45

Most advantageous because of its ability to distinguish between solid and cystic lesions without the use of radiation

Answer 45

Ultrasound

Question 46

• Provides special technique in which one is able to pinpoint a non-palpable abnormality that is visualized on conventional mammography

Answer 46

STEREOTACTIC BREAST BIOPSY