Chapter 5 Part 2

Question 1

Olfactory Sense

Answer 1

our sense of smell

Question 2

What is the absolute threshold of taste?

Answer 2

5 ml of sugar in 9 L of water

Question 3

Papillae

Answer 3

Bumps on the tongue that contain a cluster of taste buds

Question 4

Taste buds

Answer 4

Cluster of sensory receptor cells that convert chemical signals from food into neural impulses that travel to the brain

Question 5

Gustatory Sense

Answer 5

our sense of taste

Question 6

What is the absolute threshold for smell?

Answer 6

a drop of perfume diffused through a six room apartment

Question 7

How can sense of smell and taste help with survival?

Answer 7

It helps us determine a gas leak, or a smoke from a fire

Save us from eating spoiled food

Question 8

What can the sense of smell and taste allow?

Answer 8

Enjoy the many wonders of life

Smell a beautiful rose

Eat a delicious meal

Question 9

How do animals use sense of smell?

Answer 9

Used by less complex animals for social communication, finding food, and avoiding predators

Question 10

How does smell work?

Answer 10

Chemicals in the air enter our nose and stick to the cilia which contains olfactory sensory receptors

Once enough molecules of chemicals enter the nose and bind to the sensory receptors

It triggers an action potential in the olfactory receptor neurons

Question 11

Odorant

Answer 11

Physical Stimuli of the olfactory sensory system

Question 12

How does the olfactory receptor neurons function if it gets tired?

Answer 12

the only way that the olfactory receptor neurons function is if they are exposed to a greater magnitude of stimulus

Question 13

How do the olfactory receptor neurons tire out?

Answer 13

Repeated or repetitive stimuli binding with the olfactory receptor neurons

If a odorant is continuously binding with olfactory receptor neurons

Then the cells will get tired out

Question 14

What does taste refer to?

Answer 14

Flavor
A combination of taste and smell

Question 15

Taste Buds

Answer 15

sensory receptor cells that convert chemical signals from food into neural impulses which is sent to the brain

Question 16

What are the four different universal taste receptors?

Answer 16

Sweet, sour, bitter, and salty

Question 17

What is the fifth taste receptor?

Answer 17

Umami

Question 18

What does the supertasters, medium tasters, and non-tasters study suggest?

Answer 18

everyone has various concentrations of taste buds

Question 19

Aguesia

Answer 19

Inability to taste
Result from head trauma or oral surgery

Question 20

Hyposomia

Answer 20

reduced ability to smell

Question 21

Amosmia

Answer 21

inability to smell, but still can taste sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami

Question 22

Reflex Epilsey

Answer 22

a type of epilsey that causes seizures from exposure to odours

Question 23

What happens if you burn your mouth?

Answer 23

You damage the taste receptor cells, but it can heal over time

Question 24

How do we attain information about food?

Answer 24

Texture (how it feels on our taste buds)

Question 25

Piriform Cortex

Answer 25

responsible for identifying and eliminating odors that you do not like

Plastic and changeable (like neuroplasticity) in adulthood

Piriform cortex can recognize specific odors easily

Question 26

How can certain smells evoke memories?

Answer 26

Olfactory bulb sends information to the amygdala and the hippocampus

Question 27

Where does information from the olfactory receptor neuron go to?

Answer 27

sent to the olfactory bulb which is in front of the brain below the frontal lobe

Question 28

Taste buds are formed when…

Answer 28

Before birth