chapter 5 page 12 Flashcards
Gastrointestinal parasite determine whether or not
- excystment (protozoa)
- egg hatching (helminths).
**Factors include
- temperature
- oxygen reduction potential
- carbon dioxide
- composition of bile
Stimuli:
- not always reliable
- eggs don’t hatch on unsuitable hosts.
Toxocara canis:
1) -hatch eggs in human gut
- larvae migrate through the body
- dogs (natural host).
2) humans( their larvae are not able to complete their development)
Starvation:
induces blood-feeding invertebrates to feed on host.
Vertically transmitted;
animals infected when comes to contact with infective stage
Jumping into water increase the risk of infection of
Naegleria Fowleri (thermophile)
Examples co-transmission and co-infection
Anopheles gambiae
Anopheles funestus in Kenya
Pigs are infected with
toxoplasma gondii (eating poorly cooked pork)
Pork is forbidden to eat in which religion?
Jewish
islam
Christianity
pigs considered unclean
refraining from eating pork will prevent infection from
Trichinella spp.
Taenia solium,
Taenia Saginata: not eating beef (beef tapeworm)
Hydatid disease
Echinococcus granulosus.
What leads to the collapse of the health infrastructure?
wars and economics crisis
Leishmaniasis endemic areas
Sudan
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Environment effects parasite transmission DIRECTLY:
affecting (cyst, eggs, free-living larvae)
Environment effects parasite transmission INDIRECTLY:
affecting
- (intermediate or definitive host)
- vector
Pollution
- (result from volcanic eruptions)
- affected by abiotic and biotic conditions
