Chapter 5 page 10

Question 1

**Protozoan Entamoeba Histolytica is normally transmitted in

Answer 1

• contaminated food or water.
• sexual intercourse
• medical procedures.**

Question 2

Contaminative transmission

Answer 2

occurs when a parasitic infection is acquired through consumption of food or water that was contaminated with the infective stage.

Question 3

**Contaminative transmission is a common strategy

Answer 3

for gastrointestinal parasites in the infective stage in the feces of one host, and contaminates food or water of another.

Question 4

Referred to as fecal-oral contamination

four f-words

Answer 4

feces
food
fingers
flies

Question 5

Human parasites: contamination often results from feces being used as a

Answer 5

a fertiliser (night soul) for salad vegetables

Question 6

Trypanosoma cruzi:

Answer 6

infected by the reduviid bugs.

Question 7

Many dung-frequenting flies like

Answer 7

-Musca domestics
-cockroaches
get feces on their legs- transport their contamination by walking on food or landing on water which can infect the host.

Question 8

gastrointestinal parasites

Answer 8

Entamoeba Histolytica

Question 9

infective stage of the helmenthus

Answer 9

Geohelmenthus

Question 10

Geohelmenthus examples

Answer 10

Trichuris trichiura
Ascaris lumbricoides.
Ancylostoma duodenale

Question 11

Cyclospora spp.

Answer 11

found in coriander, herbs and salad vegetables will usually be infected

Question 12

Sexual intercourse: disadvantages

Answer 12

• Parasites get distracted mating- vulnerable to be attacked (remove their focus from their surroundings).
• Male honeybee (Apis mellifera) only mates once and dies
• STDs (sexually transmitted infection) : transmission within the reproductive fluids.

Question 13

Sexual intercourse parasites

Answer 13

• Trichomonas vaginalis

- Trichomonas foetus

Question 14

Trichomonas vaginalis:

Answer 14

can’t form cyst. Survives for up to 24 hours OUTSIDE the body (urine, semen, and water).

Question 15

Trichomonas foetus:

Answer 15

has economic importance in the cattle industry. (difficult to completely cure cattle)

Question 16

Gametes

Answer 16

• unicellular
• ONLY intracellular parasites can be transmitted within them.
• Male gametes are very small and since it contains little cytoplasm (it limits space for parasites).