Chapter 5 - NS #3

Question 1

Loose Connective (Areolar)

Answer 1

*Cells scattered in semifluid matrix, mainly fibroblasts
*Fibers here are loosely woven and small in #
Collagen Fibers
Elastic fiber
*Is beneath most epithelial tissue and binds skin to structures and is in the spaces between muscles

Question 2

Collagen Fibers

Answer 2

Strong and flexible protein fiber

Question 3

Elastic Fiber

Answer 3

Interlaced protein called elastin
-weaker than the collagen fibers, but good elasticity

Question 4

Adipose Tissue

Answer 4

*Adipocytes- specialized fat cells for triglyceride
*Functions
-reserve food supply (energy)
-padding (absorb jolts)
-Insulator (maintains body temp)

Question 5

Reticular Connective Tissue

Answer 5

*Has thin collagen fibers= reticular
*Walls of liver, spleen, and lymphatic organs

Question 6

Dense Connective Tissue

Answer 6

*Many packed collagen and elastic fibers =strong
*Two types: regular and irregular
*Bind body parts together
*Tendons, ligaments and dermis (irregular)
*Poor blood supply

Question 7

Elastic Connective Tissue

Answer 7

*Mostly elastic fibers but some collagen fibers
*Attachments between bones, walls of large arteries, airways, and heart

Question 8

Bone

Answer 8

*Solid matrix
-contains calcium phosphate (70%), calcium carbonate, and collagen fibers
*Functions:
-supports
protects
-forms blood cells (bone marrow)
-attachment for muscles
*Osteoblasts=cells that form blood tissue

Question 9

Cartilage

Answer 9

*Capable of enduring more stress than other connective tissues *Mostly collagen fibers
*Poor blood supply
*Ground substance is rich in the protein “chondromucoprotein”
-adds resiliency

Question 10

3 types of cartilage

Answer 10

Based on different matrix
*Hyaline
*Elastic
*Fibrocartilage

Question 11

Hyaline

Answer 11

*thin collagenous fibers
-most abundant
-ends of bones
-nose, respiratory passages

Question 12

Elastic

Answer 12

a *dense network of elastic fibers
-external ear, larynx
-flexible

Question 13

Fibrocartilage

Answer 13

*many large collagenous fibers
-the strongest type of cartilage
-shock absorber for parts that deal with a lot of pressure
-found in between vertebrae and in the knees

Question 14

Blood (vascular tissue)

Answer 14

*fluid matrix called plasma (mostly water)
*Solid cells known as corpuscles
-Erythrocytes
-Leukocytes
-Thrombocytes
*Throughout the body and in blood vessels and the heart

Question 15

Erythrocytes

Answer 15

Red blood cells
-transparent gases

Question 16

Leukocytes

Answer 16

White blood cells
-fight infections

Question 17

Thrombocytes

Answer 17

Platelets
-form blood clots

Question 18

Tissue Repair is affected by what 3 factors?

Answer 18

*Nutrition
*Blood Circulation
*Age

Question 19

Nutrition

Answer 19

*Many of the body’s stored nutrients are used in the healing process
-proteins
-vitamins - A, B, C, D, E, & K

Question 20

Blood Circulation

Answer 20

*Is essential to transport oxygen, nutrients, antibodies, and defensive cells to the injured area
-also removes tissue fluid, bacteria, foreign bodies and debris
-these things could interfere with healing

Question 21

Age

Answer 21

*Younger people usually heal quicker
-tissue heals faster and will leave fewer scars
-better nutritional state
-tissues have a better blood supply
-cells have a faster metabolic rate

Question 22

Vitamin A

Answer 22

*Maintains cells of the respiratory tract and mucus membranes
*builds resistance to infection
*aids in growth

Question 23

Vitamin B (16 types)

Answer 23

*convert carbohydrates to glucose to ATP; lots of effects

Question 24

Vitamin C

Answer 24

*helps form collagen
*increases immune response

Question 25

Vitamin D

Answer 25

*absorption of CA & P
*maintains nervous system, heartbeat and blood clotting

Question 26

Vitamin E

Answer 26

*prevents cell membrane damage

Question 27

Vitamin K

Answer 27

*essential in blood clotting