7.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of bones

A

-Supports and protects organs, cranial cavity, and thoracic cavity

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2
Q

yellow bone marrow

A

stores lipids

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3
Q

How are bones classified

A

shape
-Long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones

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4
Q

Long Bones

A
  • greater in length than width
    -distribute stress on bone from weight by being slightly curved
    -located in legs, arms, toes, forearm, and fingers
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5
Q

Short Bones

A

-have lengths and widths that are roughly equal
-usually cube- like
-located in wrist and ankle

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6
Q

Flat Bones

A

-plate- like structures, thin
-usually areas for muscle attachment
-located in cranium, sternum, ribs, and shoulder blade

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7
Q

Irregular Bones

A

-variety of shapes
-usually are connected to other bones
-located in vertebrae, and facial bones

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8
Q

what do bones and limbs help support

A

weight

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9
Q

bone remodeling

A

breaking down and remodeling of bones

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10
Q

formation of blood cells=

A

red, white, and platelets
-called hemoglobin

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11
Q

what does yellow done marrow store

A

lipids

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12
Q

sesamoid bones

A

-small bones that are embedded with tendons next to joints
-located at patella, 4 in your hand, and 2 in foot

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13
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft or long main portion of bone
-lies between the epiphyses

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14
Q

epiphysis

A

distal and proximal ends of bone
-forms joints with other bones
-covered in hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

what does articular cartilage cover

A

covers the epiphyses

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16
Q

articular cartilage

A

-where bone forms an articulation or joint
-reduces friction and absorbs shock

17
Q

periosteum

A

-membrane around the surface of the bone that is NOT covered by articular cartilage
-vascular, fibrous tissue
-helps in forming bone tissues ans repair

18
Q

medullary cavity

A

-rigid tube with a hollow chamber
-space within the diaphysis filled with marrow
-it is red and yellow

19
Q

which cavity is filled with bone marrow

A

medullary cavity

20
Q

endosteum

A

-thin membrane surrounding medullary cavity
-contains bone-forming cells
-muscle contractions and action potentials

21
Q

(Mneumonic device)
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Articular cartilage
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
endosteum
(you can change if you have better)

A

-D get it shaft yuh long hehe lies between e brake bc we no like men
-E looks like locked arms with someone joints
-Pe like pediatriction repairs bone and tissue doctor
-M marrow
-End of our bone forming process

22
Q

How are bones classified

A

According to their SHAPE

23
Q

Why are long bones slightly curved

A

to distribute stress on bone from weight

24
Q

what 2 types of bone tissue is bone made of

A

compact and spongy bone

25
Q

osteoprogenitor cells

A

-unspecialized cells that make bone cells
-CAN undergo Mitosis
-develop into osteoblasts or osteoclasts
-located in periosteum, endosteum, and canals containing blood vessels `

26
Q

osteoblasts

A

-cells that form bone tissue (=deposition)
-cannot undergo mitosis
-secrete collagen and other components to help build bone
-located in surfaces of bones

27
Q

osteocytes

A

-mature bone cells
-form from osteoblasts
-cannot undergo mitosis
-no longer secrete matrix material
-carry out nutrient exchange and waste removal with blood
-location= buried within solidified bone matrix

28
Q

osteoclasts

A

-complete bone resorption (destruction of matrix)
-important in growth maintenance and repair of bone
-located in bone surfaces