chapter 5: metabolic energy system training Flashcards
ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate
produced by the body from the foods it consumes. ATP is produced aerobically(with oxygen) and anaerobically(without oxygen)
Normal Heartbeat
70 bpm at rest
heart of a well trained athlete can be as low as 40 bpm
Pulmonary ventilation
process by which brings oxygen from the air, across the alveolar membrane, and into the blood to be carried by hemoglobin
cardiac output
the amount of blood the heart pumps per min
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped with each contraction of the ventricles
HR change from rest to max
can change by a factor of 3, 60bpm-180bpm.
stroke volume only changes by 1.7
resting cardiac output
around 6 L/min and about 20-25 L/min during max exercise
for aerobic athlete
may be over 40 L/min
Systolic/Diastolic explained
with each contraction the heart pumps blood out of the left ventricle into the aorta, distending it and creating pressure(systolic) on the vascular wall. during the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle(between beats) the blood pressure(diastolic) in the arterial system declines
Aerobic system
aerobic exercise requires the body to take oxygen from the atmosphere, deliver it to the lings, transer it into the blood, and pump it to the working muscles where it is used to oxidize carbs and fats in order to produce ATP, the energy pathway is often termed the oxidative(oxygen) system and involves several body systems including the respiratory, cardiovascular, muscular, and endorcine
Anaerobic System
Anaerobic metabolism is the ability of the body to produce energy by metabolizing carbs in the absence of oxygen
high power but not for very long, primary fuel for anaerobic ATP production is glucose stored in muscles and the liver as glycogen,. a large molecule made up of chains of glucose. Energy pathway is often referrred to as the glycolytic or lactic acid system
The anaerobic pathways are the main source of energy for high intensity, short duration activities
anaerobic threshold
the point during high actitivty when the body can no longer meet its demand for oxygen and anaerobic metabolism predominates; also called lactic threshold
Creatine Phosphate(CP)
second source of anaeroibic ATP production, very high power but very low capacity
if this was the soul source of energy exercise would be sustained for 10-15 seconds
at the onset of exercise
ATP-CP system is the first active bioenergetic pathway that gives way to glycolysis and then finally to aerobic enregy production. after a steady state is reached, the body’s ATP requirement is met via the balanced delivery and use of oxygen using aerobic metabolism
energy needed for exercise
is not provided by any single bioenergetic pathway, but rather from a mixture of several metabolic energy systems that overlap based on the intensity and duration of work