Chapter 5 Managing The Project Scope Flashcards
Affinity diagram
Clusters similar ideas together and allows for decomposition of ideas to compare and contrast project requirements.
Brain storming
A group creativity technique to express as many ideas as possible about project requirements.
Decomposition
The breakdown of the project scope statement into the project’s work breakdown structure. The smallest item of the project’s decomposition into the WBS is called the work package.
Delphi technique
A consensus-building group creativity technique that uses rounds of anonymous surveys during requirements elicitation. The Delphi Technique may also be used during risk assessment.
Dictatorship
A group decision process where the person with the most power forces the decision, even though the rest of the group may oppose the decision.
Facilitated workshop
A collection of stakeholders from around the organization that come together to analyze, discuss, and determine the project requirements.
Focus group
A conversation of stakeholders led by a moderator to elicit project requirements.
Function analysis
Related to value engineering, this allows team input to the problem, institutes a search for a logical solution, and tests the functions of the product so the results can be graphed.
Interviews
A requirements elicitation process to collect requirements from the project stakeholders.
Majority
A group decision process where a vote is offered and the majority wins.
Mind mapping
A visual representation of like and opposing ideas, thoughts, and project requirements.
Nominal group technique
A group creativity technique that follows the brainstorming model but ranks each brainstorm idea.
Observation
A requirements elicitation process where the observer shadows a person to understand how she completes a process. An observer may be a participant observer or an invisible observer.
Plularity
A group decision process approach that allows the biggest section of a group to win even if a majority doesn’t exist.
Product scope
The attributes and characteristics of the deliverables the project is creating.
Project scope statement
The definition of what the project will create for the project stakeholders. The project scope statement includes the product scope description, product acceptance criteria, project deliverables, project exclusions, project assumptions, and project constrains.
Prototype
A mockup of the project deliverable to confirm, adapt, or develop the project requirements.
Quality function
A philosophy and a practice to fully understand customer needs–both spoken and implied–without gold-plating the project deliverables.
Requirements documentation
A clearly defined explanation of the project requirements. The requirements must be measurable, complete, accurate, and signed off by the project stakeholders.
Requirements management plan
Defines how requirements will be managed throughout the phases of the project. This plan also defines how any changes to the requirements will be allowed, documented, and tracked through project execution.
Requirements traceability matrix
A table that helps the project team identify the characteristics and delivery of each requirement in the project scope.
Scope baseline
Comprised of the project scope statement, the work breakdown structure, and the WBS dictionary.
Scope management plan
Explains how the project scope will be managed and how scope changes will be factored into the project plan. Based o the conditions of the project, the project work, and the confidence of the project scope, the scope management plan should also define the likelihood of changes to the scope, how often the scope may change, and how much the scope can change.
Scope verification
An inspection-driven process led by the project customer to determine the exactness of the project deliverables. Scope verification is a process that leads to customer acceptance of the project deliverables.
Systems engineering
Focuses on satisfying the customers’ needs, cost requirements, and quality demands through the design and creation of the product. There is an entire science devoted to systems engineering in various industries.
Unanimity
A group decision process where all participants are in agreement.
Value analysis
Similar to value engineering, this focuses on the cost/quality ratio of the product. Value analysis focuses on the expected quality against the acceptable cost.
Value engineering
Deals with reducing costs and increasing profits, all while improving quality. Its focus is on solving problems, realizing opportunities, and maintaining quality improvement.
Voice of the customer
The initial collection of customer requirements that serves as part of quality function deployment in a facilitated workshop.
Work breakdown structure
A decomposition of the project scope statement into work packages. The WBS is an input to seven project management processes; developing the project management plan, defining the project activities, estimating the project costs, determining the project budget, planning the project quality, identifying the project risks, and planning the project procurement needs.
Work breakdown structure dictionary
A companion to the WBS, this document defines all of the characteristics of each element of the WBS.
Work breakdown structure templates
Based on historical information, this is a WBS from a past project that has been adapted to the current project.
