Chapter 5- Lymphatics And Immunity Flashcards
What is active immunity?
Exposure to antigen that triggers animals own immune response.
What is passive immunity?
When the animal receives antibodies from mother or another animal.
What is a lymph?
Carries excess fluid to vessels near the heart where fluid is put back into the bloodstream.
What does a lymph consist of?
Blood cells-mostly lymphocytes
Nutrients
Hormones
What are lymph nodes?
Small kidney bean shape. Located along lymph vessels.
What is the cortex?
Location of resident lymphocytes
What is the medula?
Contains tissue macrophages embedded in a coarse fibrous mesh
What does the spleen look like and where is it found?
Tongue shaped organ found on left side of abdomen.
What is the spleens function?
Stores rbc and gets rid of dead rbc.
What is the thymus?
Processes thymocytes and T-cells
Where are tonsils found?
All entrances of body
What are 3 basic types of immune system diseases?
- immunodeficiency
- hypersensitivity (allergies)
- autoimmune
What is primary immunodeficiency?
- congenital or inherited
- b&t lymphocytes don’t develop
- natural immunity is lacking
What is secondary immunodeficiency?
Acquired from something else:
- leukemia
- drug induced
- radiation
- aging
- viral injury to immune cells-HIV
What is hypersensitivity?
Abnormal immune response, undesirable reactions produced.
What are the 4 types of hypersensitivity?
Type 1-immediate/anaphylactic
Type 2-cytotoxic
Type 3- immune complex
Type 4- cell mediated/delayed
Type 1
Response time: 15-30 min.
Symptoms: rash, itching, redness, pain, swelling.
Anaphylaxis
What is anaphylaxis?
Acute and extreme reaction to allergens that result in severe respiratory and circulatory symptoms.
Treatment: IV fluids, epinephrine
Type 2
Ige or igm antibody combines with surface of foreign antigens resulting in lysis or phagocytosis of antigen.
Minutes to hours.
Treatment: antiflammitories and steroids
Type 3
Occurs when antigen and antibodies form complexes that deposits in various blood vessels. 3-8 hours. Ain’t-inflammatory
Type 4
A delayed response to antigen involving the activation of and damage by T cells. 48 to 72 hours. Carticosteroids and other immunosuppressives.
What is autoimmune?
Your own body attacks itself.
