Chapter 5 Ionic Bonding Flashcards
What are Bonds?
Bonds are forces of attraction that hold atoms together to form elements or compounds
Why are Chemical Bonds formed?
The atoms of other elements have incomplete outer shells of electrons and so are unstable so they will bond with other elements to become stable
Why are noble gasses unreactive?
toms of noble gases have their outer shell full, and they will not bond with anything
What is an Ion
An ion is an atom that has an electrical charge, either positive or
negative
What is a Cation?
A positive ion
What is an Anion?
A Negative ion
What is an ionic bond?
Is the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely –
charged ions.
How are ionic Compounds formed?
They are formed by the loss and gain of electrons
What is the force between oppositely charged ions?
electrostatic force
Ionic bonding is used between which elements?
a metal and a non-metal
What is a lattice Structure?
A lattice structure is made up of strong ionic bonds that allow “billions” of ions to be packed together in a regular reapeting arrangement
What dop ionic compounds form when solid?
Ionic compounds will often form crystals when
solid because of their regular lattice structure.
What are polyatomic ions?
Groups of atoms which become ions by losing or gaining electrons
These ions are called polyatomic ions because they contain more than 1 element
What are the properties of ionic compounds? (3)
- Solids at room temperature
- High melting points and boiling points
- Conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved in a
solution (not when solid)
Why do ionic compounds have High melting points and boiling points?
because ionic bonds are very strong so a lot of energy (heat)
is needed to break these bonds and separate the ions
What are the two conditions that must be met for a substance to conduct electricity?
it must contain charged particles
these particles must be free to move
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: ammonium
NH₄⁺
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: nitrate
NO₃⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Carbonate
CO₃²⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: hydroxide
OH⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Sulfate
SO₄²⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Phosphate
PO₄³⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Sulfite
SO₃²⁻
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Zinc
Zn²⁺
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Silver
Ag +
What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: alluminuim
Al³⁺
