Chapter 5 Ionic Bonding Flashcards

1
Q

What are Bonds?

A

Bonds are forces of attraction that hold atoms together to form elements or compounds

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2
Q

Why are Chemical Bonds formed?

A

The atoms of other elements have incomplete outer shells of electrons and so are unstable so they will bond with other elements to become stable

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3
Q

Why are noble gasses unreactive?

A

toms of noble gases have their outer shell full, and they will not bond with anything

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4
Q

What is an Ion

A

An ion is an atom that has an electrical charge, either positive or
negative

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5
Q

What is a Cation?

A

A positive ion

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6
Q

What is an Anion?

A

A Negative ion

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7
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

Is the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely –
charged ions.

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8
Q

How are ionic Compounds formed?

A

They are formed by the loss and gain of electrons

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9
Q

What is the force between oppositely charged ions?

A

electrostatic force

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10
Q

Ionic bonding is used between which elements?

A

a metal and a non-metal

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11
Q

What is a lattice Structure?

A

A lattice structure is made up of strong ionic bonds that allow “billions” of ions to be packed together in a regular reapeting arrangement

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12
Q

What dop ionic compounds form when solid?

A

Ionic compounds will often form crystals when
solid because of their regular lattice structure.

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13
Q

What are polyatomic ions?

A

Groups of atoms which become ions by losing or gaining electrons
These ions are called polyatomic ions because they contain more than 1 element

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14
Q

What are the properties of ionic compounds? (3)

A
  1. Solids at room temperature
  2. High melting points and boiling points
  3. Conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved in a
    solution (not when solid)
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15
Q

Why do ionic compounds have High melting points and boiling points?

A

because ionic bonds are very strong so a lot of energy (heat)
is needed to break these bonds and separate the ions

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16
Q

What are the two conditions that must be met for a substance to conduct electricity?

A

it must contain charged particles
these particles must be free to move

17
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: ammonium

A

NH₄⁺

18
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: nitrate

A

NO₃⁻

18
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Carbonate

A

CO₃²⁻

19
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: hydroxide

A

OH⁻

20
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Sulfate

A

SO₄²⁻

21
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Phosphate

A

PO₄³⁻

21
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Sulfite

A

SO₃²⁻

22
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Zinc

A

Zn²⁺

23
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: Silver

A

Ag +

24
Q

What is the ionic formula for the polyatomic ion: alluminuim

A

Al³⁺

25
Q
A