Chapter 11 Reactivity & Ores Flashcards
Tell me the Order of reactivity from most reactive to least reactive.
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold
Which metals are found in the earth as elements? Why?
Gold and Platinum , because they are unreactive
What are metals that are found in the earth as elements called?
uncombined elements
What are ores?
An ore is a rock containing compounds from which
a metal can be extracted for profit.
What is extraction?
The process of getting a metal from a compound
in a rock by a chemical reaction
What method is used to extract low reactivity metals?
Low reactivity metals are extracted by heating
their ores with carbon. Iron is an example of a
metal that can be extracted from its ore
(haematite) in this way
What method is used to extract High reactivity metals?
High reactivity metals are extracted from their
ores by electrolysis of a molten compound
What is the name of the ore which aluminum is extracted from?
bauxite
What is the name of the ore which iron is extracted from?
haematite
How does the reactivity series correspond to extraction?
the more reactive a metal is,
the harder it is to extract.
What is Bioleaching?
Bioleaching is a type of Biological metal extraction method which uses bacteria grown on low grade ore. The bacteria produce a solution containing copper ions, called a leachate. Copper is extracted from the leachate by displacement using scrap iron, then purified by electrolysis.
On which metals can Bioleaching be used on?
Copper nickel cobalt zinc
What is Phytoextraction?
Phytoextraction involves growing plants that absorb metal compounds. The plant are burnt to form ash from which the metal is extracted
Name the advantages and disadvantages of Bioleaching.
Bioleaching does not require high temperatures
but toxic substances and sulfuric acid can be produced by the process and damage the environment
Name the advantages and disadvantages of Phytoextraction.
Phytoextraction can extract metals from contaminated soils
but its more expensive than mining some ores
and growing plants is dependent on weather conditions
Compare Bioleaching and Phytoextraction
both produce no harmful gases
both cause less damage to landscape then mining
both conserve supplies of higher grade ore
What happens to a metal which gets oxidized?
it starts to corrode which weakens the metal of time and eventually all of it becomes oxide
What is the corrosion of iron called?
Rusting
When does rusting occur?
When iron or steel reacts with oxygen AND water
Which metal is the exception to corrosion and why?
Aluminum because when the outer surface oxidizes quickly top from a protective layer of aluminum oxide which stops further corrosion
Why is gold used in jewelry?
Because it doesn’t corrode since it is unreactive
Name the 5 advantages of recycling metals.
Metal ores will last longer.
Less energy is needed to recycle them than is needed to extract them from their ores.
There is less damage to the landscape from
mining.
Lower carbon dioxide emissions due to less
mining.
Reduces waste metals going to landfill sites.
What are the disadvantages of recycling metals
cost and the energy used in collecting sorting and transporting
metals to be recycled
may use more energy
may be more expensive for some metals
What are the three main steps when it comes to recycling metals?
COLLECTING THE METALS
SEPARATION FROM OTHER METALS
MELTING DOWN OLD METALS AND REMOULDING
THEM
