Chapter 11 Reactivity & Ores

Question 1

Tell me the Order of reactivity from most reactive to least reactive.

Answer 1

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold

Question 2

Which metals are found in the earth as elements? Why?

Answer 2

Gold and Platinum , because they are unreactive

Question 3

What are metals that are found in the earth as elements called?

Answer 3

uncombined elements

Question 4

What are ores?

Answer 4

An ore is a rock containing compounds from which
a metal can be extracted for profit.

Question 5

What is extraction?

Answer 5

The process of getting a metal from a compound
in a rock by a chemical reaction

Question 6

What method is used to extract low reactivity metals?

Answer 6

Low reactivity metals are extracted by heating
their ores with carbon. Iron is an example of a
metal that can be extracted from its ore
(haematite) in this way

Question 7

What method is used to extract High reactivity metals?

Answer 7

High reactivity metals are extracted from their
ores by electrolysis of a molten compound

Question 8

What is the name of the ore which aluminum is extracted from?

Answer 8

bauxite

Question 9

What is the name of the ore which iron is extracted from?

Answer 9

haematite

Question 10

How does the reactivity series correspond to extraction?

Answer 10

the more reactive a metal is,
the harder it is to extract.

Question 11

What is Bioleaching?

Answer 11

Bioleaching is a type of Biological metal extraction method which uses bacteria grown on low grade ore. The bacteria produce a solution containing copper ions, called a leachate. Copper is extracted from the leachate by displacement using scrap iron, then purified by electrolysis.

Question 12

On which metals can Bioleaching be used on?

Answer 12

Copper nickel cobalt zinc

Question 13

What is Phytoextraction?

Answer 13

Phytoextraction involves growing plants that absorb metal compounds. The plant are burnt to form ash from which the metal is extracted

Question 14

Name the advantages and disadvantages of Bioleaching.

Answer 14

Bioleaching does not require high temperatures
but toxic substances and sulfuric acid can be produced by the process and damage the environment

Question 15

Name the advantages and disadvantages of Phytoextraction.

Answer 15

Phytoextraction can extract metals from contaminated soils
but its more expensive than mining some ores
and growing plants is dependent on weather conditions

Question 16

Compare Bioleaching and Phytoextraction

Answer 16

both produce no harmful gases
both cause less damage to landscape then mining
both conserve supplies of higher grade ore

Question 17

What happens to a metal which gets oxidized?

Answer 17

it starts to corrode which weakens the metal of time and eventually all of it becomes oxide

Question 18

What is the corrosion of iron called?

Answer 18

Rusting

Question 19

When does rusting occur?

Answer 19

When iron or steel reacts with oxygen AND water

Question 20

Which metal is the exception to corrosion and why?

Answer 20

Aluminum because when the outer surface oxidizes quickly top from a protective layer of aluminum oxide which stops further corrosion

Question 21

Why is gold used in jewelry?

Answer 21

Because it doesn’t corrode since it is unreactive

Question 22

Name the 5 advantages of recycling metals.

Answer 22

Metal ores will last longer.

Less energy is needed to recycle them than is needed to extract them from their ores.

There is less damage to the landscape from
mining.

Lower carbon dioxide emissions due to less
mining.

Reduces waste metals going to landfill sites.

Question 23

What are the disadvantages of recycling metals

Answer 23

 cost and the energy used in collecting sorting and transporting
metals to be recycled

 may use more energy

 may be more expensive for some metals

Question 24

What are the three main steps when it comes to recycling metals?

Answer 24

COLLECTING THE METALS

SEPARATION FROM OTHER METALS

MELTING DOWN OLD METALS AND REMOULDING
THEM