Chapter 5- Intellectual Disability Flashcards
how were children and adults with intellectual disabilities treated prior to mid-19th century
ignored or feared even by the medical profession
what institution was open in the mid-19th century
Samuel G. Howe opened the first humanitarian institution in North America
Became Perkins School for the Blind
by the 1940’s parents ____
increased humane care for their children
what is an Intellectual disability
a significant limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior which begins before age 18
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon (1900s) commissioned by ____
the French government to identify schoolchildren who might need special help in school
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon developed the
first intelligence tests
the first intelligence tests measured ___ and were published ____
Measure judgment and reasoning of school children (Stanford-Binet scale)
Published in 1916 by Lewis Terman
General intellectual functioning is now defined by an
intelligence quotient (IQ or equivalent)
Intellectual Disability is no longer defined on the basis of
IQ alone
adaptive functioning is
how effectively individuals cope with ordinary life demands and how capable they are of living independently
IQ is relatively stable over time except ____
when measured in young, normally-developing infants
mental ability is always modified by ____
experience
what is the Flynn Effect
the phenomenon that IQ scores have risen about three points per decade
DSM-5 diagnostic criteria of intellectual disabilities -3
1) Deficits in intellectual functioning
2) Concurrent deficits or impairments in adaptive functioning
3) Below-average intellectual and adaptive abilities must be evident prior to age 18
Severity Level: Mild has about ___% of persons with ID
85
Mild severity level is not typically identified until ____
early elementary years
Mild severity level has an overrepresentation of
minority group members
what are the 2 goals of treatment for mild severity level
1) Develop social and communication skills
2) Live successfully in the community as adults with appropriate supports
Severity level Moderate is about ___% of people with ID
10
Severity level Moderate is usually identified during ____ and applies to many people with ___
preschool years
Down syndrome
severity level moderate can benefit from ___ and can perform ___
vocational training
supervised unskilled or semiskilled work in adulthood
severity level severe is about ___% of people with ID
3-4%
severity level severe is often associated with ____
organic causes
severity level severe is usually identified at ____
a very young age
delays in ___ and ___ occur in severity level severe
developmental milestones and visible physical features are seen
severity level severe can live in ___ and need ____
group homes or with their families
special assistance throughout their lives
severity level profound makes up about ___% of people with ID
1-2%
severity level profound is identified ____
in infancy due to marked delays in development and biological anomalies
severity level profound learn only the ____
rudimentary communication skills
severity level profound require intensive training for -4
Eating, grooming, toileting, and dressing behaviors
require lifelong care and assistance
ID prevalence is approximately ___% of total population
1-3%
