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Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach > Chapter 5 - Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abscess

A

Localized Collection of pus at the site of an infection

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2
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that in include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts and are usually associated with seborrhea; also called acne vulgaris

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3
Q

Alopecia

A

Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal ageing, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anti cancer medication, or skin disease

Commonly called baldness

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4
Q

Bowen disease

A

Very early form of skin cancer, which is easily curable and characterized by a red scaly path on the skin

also called squamous cell carcinoma

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5
Q

Cellulitis

A

Widespread, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

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6
Q

Chloasma

A

Pigmentary skin discolouration usually occurring in yellowish-brown patches or spot

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7
Q

Comedo

A

Typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging g an excretory duct of the skin

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8
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly bedridden people

Also known as pressure ulcer

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9
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Skin discolouration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from bluish black to greenish brown or yellow

Commonly called a bruise

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10
Q

Eczema

A

Chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and accompanied by intense itching

Also called atopic dermatitis

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11
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

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12
Q

Eschar

A

Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin especially after a burn

Commonly crusty or scabbed

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13
Q

Impetigo

A

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

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14
Q

Keratosis

A

Thickened area of the epidermis of any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or a wart)

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15
Q

Lentigo

A

Small brown mascules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle aged or older person

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16
Q

Pallor

A

Unnatural paleness or absence of colour in the skin

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17
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation with lice, transmitted by the personal contact of common use of brushes, combs, or headgear

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18
Q

Petechia

A

Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

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19
Q

Pruritus

A

Intense itching

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20
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, scales

Caused by excessive development of the nasal layer of the epidermis

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21
Q

Purpura

A

Any severe bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

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22
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

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23
Q

Tinea

A

Fungal skin infection whose name is commonly indicates the body part affected;

Also called a ringworm

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24
Q

Urticaria

A

Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives

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25
Q

Verruca

A

Epidermal growth caused by a virus

Also know as warts

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26
Q

Vitiligo

A

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

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27
Q

Allergy skin test

A

Any test in which a suspected Allergan or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine patient’s sensitivity to it

Most common: intradermal, patch and scratch tests

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28
Q

Intradermal

A

Skin tests that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a reaction

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29
Q

Patch

A

Skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch, which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for allergic response

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30
Q

Scratch

A

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin

also called puncture or prick test

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31
Q

Culture & Sensitivity (C&S)

A

Laboratory test to determine the presence of pathogens in patients with the suspected wound infections and identify the appropriate drug therapy to with the organism responds

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32
Q

Biopsy (Bx)

A

Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination

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33
Q

Frozen section

A

Ultra thin slide of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination

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34
Q

Needle

A

Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hallow needle usually attached to a syringe

35
Q

Punch

A

Removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch

36
Q

Shave

A

Removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade

37
Q

Mohs

A

Procedure that involves progressive removal and examination of layers of cancer-containing skin until only the cancer free tissue remains

Also called micro graphic surgery

38
Q

Skin graft

A

Transplant of healthy tissue into a injured site

39
Q

Allograft

A

Transplantation of tissue from one person to another person

Also called homograft

40
Q

Autograft

A

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another in the same individual

41
Q

Synthetic

A

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibres arranged in a lattice pattern

42
Q

Xenograft

A

Transplantation (dermis only) from foreign donor, usually a pig, and transferred to a human

Also called a heterograft

43
Q

Chemical peel

A

Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat Anne scarring and general keratoses

Called chemabrasion

44
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue such as warts, tumors,

45
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision

46
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Rubbing (abrasion) using Eire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis

47
Q

Fulguration

A

Tissue destruction by means of high frequency current

Also called electrodesiccation

48
Q

Photodynamic therapy (PDT)

A

Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells

49
Q

Adip/o

A

Fat

50
Q

Lip/o

A

Fat

51
Q

Steat/o

A

Fat

52
Q

Cutane/o

A

Skin

53
Q

Dermat/o

A

Skin

54
Q

Derm/o

A

Skin

55
Q

Hidr/o

A

Sweat

56
Q

Sudor/o

A

Sweat

57
Q

ichthy/o

A

Dry, scaly

58
Q

Kerat

A

Horny tissue; cornea; hard

59
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

60
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

61
Q

Onych/o

A

Nail

62
Q

Ungu/o

A

Nail

63
Q

Pil/o

A

Hair

64
Q

Trich/o

A

Hair

65
Q

Scler/o

A

Hardening

66
Q

Seb/o

A

Sebum, sebaceous

67
Q

Squam/o

A

Scale

68
Q

Xen/o

A

Strange foreign

69
Q

Xer/o

A

Dry

70
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

71
Q

-derma

A

Skin

72
Q

-logist

A

Specialist in the study of

73
Q

-logy

A

Study of

74
Q

-therapy

A

Treatment

75
Q

An-

A

Without, not

76
Q

Epi-

A

Above, upon

77
Q

Homo-

A

Same

78
Q

Functions of the skin:

A

Protects underlying structures from injury

Sends sensory information to the brain

Protects body from ultra violet rays

Synthesizes vitamin D

Regulates body temperature

79
Q

Functions of hair:

A

Eyelashes and eyebrows provide protection to eyes from sunlight and foreign matter

Nostril and ear hair protects against entry of foreign matter

Hair on scalp protects from sunlight and mechanical injury

80
Q

List the three accessory glands of the skin:

A

Hair

Nails

Sebaceous gland

Sudoriferous glands

81
Q

Sudoriferous glands functions

A

Cool the body

Excrete waste products

Moisturize surface cells

82
Q

Sebaceous gland functions

A

Produce oil

Prevent infection

83
Q

Examples of skin tumours

A

Basal cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Malignant melanoma

84
Q

What is sebum

A

It’s an oily secretion from the sebaceous glands, it’s acidic nature helps destroy harmful organisms on the skin to prevent infection

Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach (7 decks)

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