Chapter 5 - Inheritance In Animals And Plants Flashcards
What is a stem cell
An unspecialised cell
What cell division takes place when offspring is produced by asexual reproduction
Mitosis from the parent cell takes place and they contain the same alleles as the parents
Describe the process of mitosis
The cell doubles then divides in two to form two daughter cells. Each daughter cell has a nucleus containing the same amount of chromosomes identical to the ones in the original parent cell
How do cells in reproductive organs form sex cells
They divide by meiosis
Why are all of them cells different from each other and the parent cell
Each gamete has only one chromosome from each original pair
Why does sexual reproduction result in variation
The gametes from each parent fuse. So half the genetic information comes from the father and half from the mother
How does meiosis work
The cell is copied and doubles. The cell then divides in two and these new cells immediately divide again
Where are stem cells found in adult humans
Bone marrow
Why did it take a long time for Mendel’s ideas about separately inherited factors to be accepted
Scientists did not know about chromosomes and genes until after Mendel died
Where are genes found
In chromosomes.
What are genes
A short section of DNA
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in a human
23 pairs
What are alleles
Genes controlling the same characteristic
Why are people against the use of embryos for stem cells
- the research is experimental
- embryos have the potential to be babies and are destroyed
- research is expensive
What does embryo screening mean
Tests to diagnose disorders before the baby is born.
