Chapter 1 - Cells, Tissues And Organs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

It controls the cell’s activities

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2
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm

A

It is where many chemical reactions take place

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3
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane

A

It controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell

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4
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria

A

It is where energy is released during aerobic respiration
OR
it’s the site of respiration

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5
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes

A

It is where protein synthesis takes place

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6
Q

What does chloroplast contain and what do chloroplast do

A

Chloroplast contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts absorb light energy to make food

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7
Q

What does a vacuole contain

A

Cell sap

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8
Q

Identify the structure of a bacterial cell

A

Bacterial cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall which surround cytoplasm
However they do not have a nucleus so genetic material is in the cytoplasm.

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9
Q

Identify the structure of a yeast cell

A

Yeast cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm and a membrane surrounded by a cell wall

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10
Q

What is diffusion

A

The spreading out of particles

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11
Q

What does the net movement into it out of cells depend on

A

The concentration of the particles on each side of the cell membrane

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12
Q

What will the net (overall) movement be

A

Of an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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13
Q

What is the difference in concentration between two areas called

A

The concentration gradient

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14
Q

The larger the difference in concentration…

A

The faster the rate of diffusion

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15
Q

Examples of diffusion

A
  • the diffusion of oxygen into cells of the body
  • the diffusion of carbon dioxide into photosynthesising plant cells
  • the diffusion of simple sugars and amino acids from the gut through cell membranes
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16
Q

What is a tissue

A

A group of cells with similar structures and functions

17
Q

What are the functions of:
•muscle tissue
•glandular tissue
•epithelial tissue

A

~can contract to bring about movement
~produces substances such as enzymes or hormones
~covers some parts of the body

18
Q

What do plant tissues include

A

Epidermal tissue-which covers the plant

Mesophyll-which can photosynthesise

Xylem and phloem-which transport substances around the plant

19
Q

What is the function of the pancreas and salivary glands

A

To produce digestive juices

20
Q

What is the function of the stomach

A

It is where digestion occurs

21
Q

What is the function of the liver

A

It produces bile

22
Q

What is the function of the small intestine

A

The absorption of soluble foods occurs

23
Q

What is the function of the large intestine

A

Water is absorbed

24
Q

What is the function of the pancreas and salivary glands

A

To produce digestive juices