Chapter 4 - Energy From Respiration

Question 1

What is the energy produced by aerobic respiration used for

Answer 1

• building larger molecules from smaller ones
• enabling muscle contraction
• maintain a constant body temperature in colder surroundings
• build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids

Question 2

What are the ways to measure aerobic respiration

Answer 2

• how quickly limewater turns cloudy

* measure the rise in temperature when respiration is occurring

Question 3

Where do most of the chemical reactions of aerobic respiration take place

Answer 3

In the mitochondria

Question 4

What are the chemical reactions in aerobic respiration controlled by

Answer 4

Enzymes

Question 5

When you exercise, what do you need to increase the rate of (and rid of)

Answer 5

You need to increase the rate at which oxygen and glucose reach the muscle cells for aerobic respiration. You also need to remove the extra waste carbon dioxide produced more quickly.

Question 6

When the heart rate increases, why does the blood vessels supplying the muscles dilate (widen)

Answer 6

It allows more blood containing oxygen and glucose to reach the muscles

Question 7

Why does your breathing rate and depth of each breath increase when exercising

Answer 7

It allows a greater uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide at the lungs

Question 8

Why do muscles start to respire anaerobically

Answer 8

Muscles cannot get enough oxygen for aerobic respiration

Question 9

In anaerobic respiration what is produced and why

Answer 9

Lactic acid is produced bcause the glucose is not completely broken down.
Less energy is released from the glucose

Question 10

What causes muscle fatigue

Answer 10

Build up of lactic acid

Question 11

What removed lactic acid

Answer 11

Blood flowing through the muscles

Question 12

In anaerobic respiration what waste product is produced and what does it substitute

Answer 12

Lactic acid is produced and it substitutes carbon dioxide and water

Question 13

What is oxygen debt

Answer 13

After an exercise, lactic acid needs to be completely broken down. For this to happen you need a lot of oxygen, and the extra oxygen needed is called h ‘oxygen debt’. Eventually the oxygen oxidises the lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water

Question 14

What is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 14

Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)