Chapter 5 - Imperial Breakdown 1763-1774 Flashcards
Cherokee War
- Conflict.
- 1759-1761.
- Cherokee Indians vs colonist in Virginia southward.
Pontiac’s War
- Conflict.
- 1763-1766.
- Indian uprising led by Pontiac of the Ottawas and Neolin of the Delawares.
Proclamation of 1763
- Royal proclamation.
- Establishes boundary called the Proclamation Line roughly following the Appalachian Mountains.
- British settlements were only allowed on the eastern side of this line.
Quartering Acts
- Acts of Parliament,
* Required colonists to provide supplies and quarters for the troops stationed in America.
Sugar Act
- Law.
- 1764.
- Increased the restrictions on colonial commerce but halved the tax on molasses imports.
- Purpose was to increase revenue in the American colonies.
republicanism
- Idea.
* Government must exercise power, but said power could overwhelm liberty.
British Constitution
• The principles, procedures, and precedents that governed the operation of the British government.
sovereignty
• The supreme authority of the state, including both the right to take life and to tax.
Stamp Act
- Law.
- 1765.
- Purpose was to raise revenue in America.
- Taxed, stamped paper was required for legal documents, publications, and playing cards.
Stamp Act Congress
- Meeting of delegates sent by 9 colonies.
- October 1765.
- In response to the Stamp Act.
- Resulted in adoption of the Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
- Formally petitioned against the Stamp Act.
Declaration of Rights and Grievances
• Asserted that the Stamp Act and other taxes imposed on the colonists without their consent were unconstitutional.
Sons of Liberty
- Organization.
- Led by Samuel Adams.
- Formed to oppose the Stamp Act.
Declaratory Act
- Law.
- 1766.
- Accompanied repeal of the Stamp Act.
- Asserted that Parliament had the authority to legislate for the colonies in all cases.
Townshend Duty Act of 1767
• Imposed taxes on colonial tea, lead, paint, paper, and glass.
nonimportation movement
- Tactic for the colonists.
- Refusal to but British exports in the colonies; a boycott.
- Purpose was to pressure Britain.
Boston Massacre
- Incident.
- British troops stationed in Boston—unprovoked—fired on townspeople.
- March 5, 1770.
- Preceded by months of increasing friction between British troops and American civilians.
committees of correspondence
- Committees formed in the colonies.
* Purpose was to inform Americans regarding British measures that would affect them.
Regulators
- Vigilante groups.
- In western parts of North and South Carolina.
- 1760s and 1770s.
- S.C. Regulators combatted outlaws.
- N.C. Regulators concerned themselves with high taxes and court costs.
Tea Act of 1773
- Permitted the East India Company to sell through agents in America without paying the taxes customarily collected in Britain.
- Reduced retail price.
Boston Tea Party
- Incident.
- December 16, 1773.
- Bostonians disguised as Indians and destroyed £9000 worth of tea belonging to the British East India Company.
- Purpose was to prevent payment of the tax.
Coercive Acts
- Legislation.
- 1774.
- Included the Boston Port Act, the Massachusetts Government Act, the Administration of Justice Act, and the Quartering Act of 1774.
Quebec Act
- Law.
- 1774.
- Appointed government for Canada.
- Enlarged the boundaries of Quebec.
- Confirmed the privileges of the Catholic Church.
Intolerable Acts
• American term for the Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act.
Suffolk Resolves
- Militant resolves.
- 1774.
- Adopted by representatives in Suffolk County, Massachusetts, including Boston.
- Response to the Coercive Acts.
