Chapter 2 - Transplantation and Adaptation 1600-1685 Flashcards
1
Q
coureurs de bois
A
- French term meaning “woods runners.”
* Referred to independent fur traders in New France.
2
Q
indentured servant
A
- An individual who engaged in a contract to serve for a master for 4-7 years in return for payment of the servant’s passage to America.
- Indentured servitude was the primary labor system in the Chesapeake colonies for most of the 17th century.
3
Q
Quakers
A
- Members of the Society of Friends.
- Society of Friends arose in mid-17th century.
- Rejected formal theology and an educated ministry.
- Emphasized the ‘Inner Light,’ or Holy Spirit that dwelt in them.
- Were important in the founding of Pennsylvania.
4
Q
joint-stock company
A
- A kind of business enterprise.
- Stockholders pool their money to trade or to fund colonizing expeditions.
- Participated in the founding of the Virginia, Plymouth, and Massachusetts Bay colonies.
5
Q
headright system
A
- System of land distribution.
* Settlers received 50 acres of land and an additional 50 per ‘head’ (or person) they brought with them.
6
Q
House of Burgesses
A
- Legislature of colonial Virginia.
- Began in 1619.
- First institution of representative government in the English colonies.
7
Q
proprietary colony
A
- A type of colony.
- English monarch gave someone or a group of people a large tract of land.
- Said recipient(s) were “lords proprietor.”
- Many of these lords had distinct social visions for their colonies.
- Maryland, Carolina, New York, and Pennsylvania are examples.
8
Q
Puritans
A
- Christians who thought Queen Elizabeth’s reforms of the Church of England were not enough.
- Led the settlement of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
9
Q
Act for Religious Toleration
A
- First law in America to call for freedom of worship for Christians.
- Enacted 1649.
- In Maryland.
- Meant to quell disputes between Catholics and Protestants, but utterly failed.
10
Q
Anglican
A
• A Protestant belonging to the Church of England.
11
Q
separatists
A
- Puritans who thought the Church Of England was too corrupt to be reformed.
- Convinced they must separate from it to save their souls.
- Helped found Plymouth Colony.
12
Q
Pilgrams
A
- Settlers of Plymouth Colony.
* Viewed themselves as spiritual wanderers.
13
Q
covenant
A
• A formal agreement or contract.
14
Q
Pequot War
A
- Conflict between English settlers and Pequot Indians.
- English had allied the Narragansett and Mohegan
- Concerned control of land/trade in eastern Connecticut.
- Pequot were nearly extirpated.
- A particularly deadly English attack on a Mystic River village happened in May 1637.
15
Q
slave codes
A
- Aka ‘black codes.’
- Series of laws passed in southern colonies.
- In late 17th and early 18th centuries.
- Defined the status of slaves and denied basic civil rights to them.
- Occurred before Civil War and after American independence as well to define slaves as property.
