Chapter 4 - English Colonies in an Age of Empire 1660s-1763

Question 1

mercantilism

Answer 1

• Economic idea.

* Government should intervene in the economy to increase national wealth.

Question 2

enumerated products

Answer 2

• Items that Parliament dictated could only be shipped from the colony of origin to specified locations.

Question 3

Age of Enlightenment

Answer 3

• Intellectual movement.
• Late 17th century - early 18th century.
• Started in Western Europe.

Question 4

Halfway Covenant

Answer 4

• Plan to deal with declining church membership.
• In 1662.
• By New England clergy.
• Allows children to be baptized if their parents were—eliminates the additional constraint of required proof that parents had experienced conversion.

Question 5

Great Awakening

Answer 5

• Religious revival in colonial America.
• 1740s.
• Started in New England and the Middle Colonies but eventually spread to the South.

Question 6

New Lights

Answer 6

• Converts produced from the Great Awakening.

Question 7

Dominion of New England

Answer 7

• Plan by James II to combine 8 colonies into a single large province.
• In 1686.
• Purpose was to govern the colonies via a royal appointee and eliminate any elective assembly.

Question 8

Glorious Revolution

Answer 8

• Conflict.
• Bloodless.
• 1688.
• Parliament of England invited William of Orange to assume the English thrown.

Question 9

virtual representation

Answer 9

• Idea that parliament members represent the interests of the nation as a whole despite only being elected by a significantly smaller portion of it.

Question 10

actual representation

Answer 10

• Representatives are elected from the districts in which they reside and are directly responsive to local interests.

Question 11

King William’s War

Answer 11

• Conflict.
• 1689-1697.
• England vs. France.
• Specifically, the American phase of Europe’s War of the League of Augsburg.

Question 12

Queen Anne’s War

Answer 12

• Conflict.
• 1702-13.
• American phase of Europe’s War of the Spanish Succession.

Question 13

Country, or “Real Whig,” ideology

Answer 13

• Ideology asserting that a standing army and high taxes posed a threat to personal liberty, and property holders should have the right to consent to taxation.
• late 17th century.
• In England.
• Response to the growth of governmental power and a national debt.

Question 14

Grand Settlement of 1701

Answer 14

• Peace treaties.
• Negotiated at Montreal and Albany.
• By Iroquois diplomats.
• Purpose was to solidify Iroquois neutrality in conflicts between France and England in North America.

Question 15

King George’s War

Answer 15

• Conflict.
• France vs England.
• 1744-48
• Specifically the North American theater of the War of Austrian Succession.

Question 16

Treaty of Lancaster

Answer 16

• Negotiation whereby Iroquois sold Virginians the right to trade at the Forks of Ohio.
• 1744.

Question 17

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 17

• Plan calling for an intercolonial union to manage defense and Indian affairs.
• In 1754.
• Was rejected by participants at the Albany Congress.

Question 18

French and Indian War

Answer 18

• Conflict.
• England vs France.
• 1754-63.
• Specifically the American theater of the Seven Years’ War.
• Fighting originally began in North America.
• Ended with a France’s defeat.

Question 19

Treaty of Paris

Answer 19

• Formal end to British hostilities against France and Spain.
• February 1764.
• Kicked France out of the New World.