chapter 5; health law, policy, and ethics Flashcards
health law and policy reflect a wide range of tools that society uses to encourage and discourage [..] by individuals, groups, and the entire population.
behaviors
bioethics has been defined, which includes elements of both [..] care and [..] health and focuses on applying morals or values to areas of potential conflict
health
public
health care; scope and examples of issues
(access and costs to health care services)
scope; access, quality, and cost of health care. organization and professional structures for the delivery of care/
examples of issues; rules governing medicare and medicaid, as well as laws governing private/commercial insurance. hospital governance and professional licensure.
public health; scope, examples of issues
(population health seeking)
scope; population health and safety, including governmental efforts to provide services to entire populates as well as vulnerable groups
e.g.; food and drug laws and procedures, environmental laws and procedures, regulation for control of communicable disease
bioethics; scope, examples of issues
(personal ethics basically)
scope; application of individual and group values and morals to controversial areas
e.g.; end of life care , stem cell research, use of new technology, protection of research subjects
police power allows states to pass legislation and take actions to protect the common good
yes
negative constitution; basically stuff the government (states, etc) has to consider that are not on the constitution
yes
federal laws override state laws
yes
procedural due process; refers to the processes that must be undertaken to deprive an individual of a right. (state and federal governments must justify depriving an individual of life, liberty, and property)
yes
health in all policies require policies that actively support health (it requires different sectors working together)
yes
social justice approach views the equitable distribution of health services as a social responsibility
yes
the market justice approach, which emphasizes individual, rather than collective responsibility for health
yes
the no duty principle holds that healthcare providers (whether they are individuals or institution) do not have an obligation to provide health care services
yes
self imposed risk is risk an individual knowingly and willingly takes on through his or her own actions, such as choosing not to wear a motor cycle helmet while riding a motorcycle (putting oneself at risk)
yes
the Belmont report focused on the key issues of defining informed consent and the selection of participants and led to the development of institution review boards (IRBs), which now must approvable most human research
yes
the three basic ethical principles;
respect for persons
beneficence
justice
(should be treated as autonomous agents, persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection)
(making efforts to secure their well being)
(sense of fairness in distribution or what is deserved)
the use of laws is seen as a lot resort when the provisions of information and incentives for change have not been successful
