Chapter 5 Growth and Development Flashcards
Growth
changes that occur physically as a person passes through life
Development
changes that occur psychologically or socially as a person passes through life
Tasks
growth and development milestones that must be completed before a person can move on to the next stage of growth and development
Stages of Growth and Development
- Infancy
- Toddler-hood
- Preschool
- School-age
- Adolescence
- Young Adulthood
- Middle Adulthood
- Later Adulthood
- Older Adulthood
Stage of Growth and Development: Infancy
first stage of development
- Birth to 1 year
- New tasks are accomplished on a weekly and monthly basis
- by his first birthday, infant will typically weigh three times what he did when he was born
- progress from helpless to learn ho to walk and feed himself
- infant begins to smile, laugh, recognize parents and siblings, and say simple words
Stage of Growth and Development: Toddler-hood
Second Stage
- 1 to 3 years
- growth of muscular ad nervous systems allows toddler to become active
- toilet training begins as control over bladder and bowel function becomes possible
- able to express themselves in short complete sentences
- becomes expressive of his emotions
Stage of Growth and Development: Preschool
Third Stage
- 3 to 5 years
- physical coordination continues to improve, allowing the toddler to dress himself and tie his own shoes
- toileting becomes independent
- likes to play with other children and use active imagination
- curiosity about differences between boys and girls
Stage of Growth and Development: School-age
Fourth Stage
- 5 to 12 years
- major growth spurts lead to increase height and weight
- fine motor skills develop, the ability to write and draw improves
- play involves same sex friends
- logical thinking patterns develop, incorporate other peoples perspectives into their own thinking
- stage of gender identity
Stage of Growth and Development: Adolescence
Fifth Stage
- 12 to 20 years
- secondary sex characteristics develop and reproductive organs begin to function (puberty occurs)
- likely to question authority
- take jobs
- learn to drive
- begin to make plans for the future
Stage of Growth and Development: Young Adulthood
Sixth Stage
- 20 to 40 years
- physical changes during this stage are usually minor, with the exception of pregnancy in women
- focuses on completing his education, starting a career, and possibly finding a partner
Stage of Growth and Development: Middle Adulthood
Seventh Stage
- 40 to 65 years
- early signs of aging such as wrinkles, or a few gray hairs
- some illnesses such as hypertension and diabetes may be diagnosed
- menopause occurs in women
- many have raised their families and now have more time to reconnect as a couple and pursue their own interests and hobbies
- care for own parents as well as their aging parent (caretakers role)
- become grandparents
Stage of Growth and Development: Later Adulthood
Eighth Stage
- 65 to 75 years
- physical signs of aging become more obvious
- development of chronic illnesses becomes more common
- strength diminishes as do many senses such as hearing and sight
- retirement gives the person an opportunity to travel and pursue hobbies
- many must cope with death of a friend or spouse
Stage of Growth and Development: Older Adulthood
Ninth Stage
- 75 years +
- chronic illnesses become more severe
- falls resulting in broken bones
- may need assistance with routine activities such as eating and bathing
- enjoy sharing wisdom of their years with younger people
- adjust to failing health and dependency on others
- prepare for ones own death
Who developed the pyramid for the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
Abraham Maslows hierarchy of human needs
basic needs (at the bottom) must be met before more complex needs (toward the top) can be met.
- Self-Actualization needs
- Self-esteem needs
- Love and Belonging needs
- Safety and Security needs
- Physiologic needs (these are first, then follow up)
