chapter 5 flashcards
newton
SI unit of force
force
a push or pull on a system
strong nuclear force
the force that holds proton and neutrons together in nuclei ,strongest force
electromagnetic force
attractive ,repulsive force produced by statics and moving charges in atoms
weak nuclear force
force exerted between elementary particles of matter within the nucleons,third strongest
gravitational force
force exerted by all matter on other matter ,weakest force
contact force
force that acts between systems only when one system touches another
field
mathematical description of a field force existing in the space surrounding an object that is the source of or is susceptible to the field force
field force
noncontact force exerted on a susceptible object by similiar objects
balanced force
force that in combination with other forces acting on the same system produces a zero net
inertia
tendency of all matter to resist change in motion
laws of motion
newtons three laws of motion
law of inertia
law stating that objects at rest remain at rest and objects in motion continue in a straight line
mechanical equilibruim
condition in which all forces acting on a system are balanced
law of accelerated motion
law stating that the accerlation of a system is directly proportional to the net force acting on the system ; Newtons second law of motion
action - reaction principle
law stating that for every force exerted on a system by its surroundings ; newton third law of motion
friction
contact force that opposes the movement of objects past each other
normal force
force exerted by a supporting surface on a object resting on it
law of universional gravitation
law stating that the force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to the products of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers and mass
free fall
condition of an object accelerated by the force of gravity alone with no other forces acting on it
gravitational acceleration
acceleration of an object due to gravity
uniform acceleration
constant acceleration such as that of an object in free fall
drag
form of friction exerted by a fluid on an object moving in relation to the fluid
terminal velocity
maximum constant speed of an object falling in the atmosphere
momentum
property of a moving object directly proportional to its mass and speed
linear momentum
momentum of a system moving in a straight line
angular momentum
momentum of a rotating system proportional to the mass of a system ,speed at which it rotates ,and the distribution of the mass in relation to the axis of rotation
impulse
chane of a systems momentum directly proportional to the force exerted and the time interval over which the force is applied
applied conservation of momentum
fundamental conservation law of mechanics stating that in a system of colliding objects ,the sum of their momentums before the collision is equal to the sum of their momentums afterward if no external forces act on objects
