chapter 5 flash cards
what is sentiment analysis?
sometimes called conversation analysis; automatic procedures that search social networking sites like Twitter for phrases/sentences that are coded for emotional meaning
what are motivations?
inner reasons or driving forces behind human actions that drive consumers to address real needs
what is homeostasis?
state of equilibrium wherein the body naturally reacts in a way so as to maintain a constant, normal bloodstream
what is self-improvement motivation?
motivations aimed at changing the current state to a level that is more ideal, not at simply maintaining the current state
what is regulatory focus theory?
puts forward the notion that consumers orient their behavior either through a prevention or promotion focus
what is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
a theory of human motivation that describes consumers as addressing a finite set of prioritized needs
What is utilitarian motivation?
drive to acquire products that can be used to accomplish something
what is hedonic motivation?
drive to experience something emotionally gratifying
what is consumer involvement?
degree of personal relevance a consumer finds in pursuing value from a particular category of consumption
what is moderating variable?
variable that changes the nature of the relationship between two other variables
what is product involvement?
the personal relevance of a particular product category
what are product enthusiasts?
consumers with very high involvement in some product category
what is shopping involvement?
personal relevance of shopping activities
what is situational involvement?
temporary interest in some imminent purchase situation
what is enduring involvement?
ongoing interest in some product or opportunity
what is emotional involvement?
type of deep personal interest that evokes strongly felt feelings simply from the thoughts or behavior associated with some object or activity
what is emotion?
a specific psychobiological reaction to a human appraisal
what is psychobiological?
a response involving both psychological and physical human responses
what is visceral responses?
certain feeling states that are tied to physical reactions/behavior in a very direct way
what is cognitive appraisal theory?
school of thought proposing that specific types of appraisal thoughts can be linked to specific types of emotions
what is anticipation appraisal?
appraisal focusing on the future that can elicit anticipatory emotions like hopefulness or anxiety
what is agency appraisal?
reviewing responsibility for events; can evoke consequential emotions like gratefulness, frustration, guilt, or sadness
what is equity appraisal?
considering how fair some event is; can evoke emotions like warmth or anger
what is outcomes appraisal?
considering how something turned out relative to one’s goals; can evoke emotions like joyfulness, satisfaction, sadness, or pride
what is mood?
general affective state
what are mood congruent judgements?
evaluations in which the value of a target is influenced in a consistent way by one’s mood
what is consumer self construal?
the manner in which a consumer thinks about him/herself as either an independent person or an interdependent self within a network of others
what is consumer affect?
feelings a consumer has about a particular product or activity, often expressed as tone or liking
what is autonomic measures?
means of recording responses based on either automatic visceral reactions or neurological brain activity
what is eye tracking technology?
combination of hardware and software that measures precisely where one’s pupils are gazing and assesses amount of pupil dilation. Eye-tracking technologies automatically record consumers’ gazes.
What is pad?
pleasure–arousal–dominance; a self-report measure that asks respondents to rate feelings using semantic differential items
what is bipolar?
situation wherein if one feels joy he or she cannot also experience sadness
what is flow?
extremely high emotional involvement in which a consumer is engrossed in an activity
what is emotional expressiveness?
extent to which a consumer shows outward behavioral signs and otherwise reacts obviously to emotional experiences
what is emotional intelligence?
awareness of the emotions experienced in a given situation and the ability to control reactions to these emotions
emotional effect on memory
better recall when emotion is attached to memory.
autobiographical memories
cognitive representation of meaningful events in one’s life
mood-congruent recall
consumers will remember information better when the mood they are currently in matches the mood they were in when originally exposed to the information
schema-based affect
emotions that become stored as part of the meaning for a category (a schema)
aesthetic labor
effort put forth by employees in carefully managing their appearance as a requisite for performing their job well
emotional labor
effort put forth by service workers who have to overtly manage their own emotional displays as part of the requirements of the job
self-conscious emotions
specific emotions that result from some evaluation or reflection of one’s own behavior, including pride, shame, guilt, and embarrassment
emotional contagion
extent to which an emotional display by one person influences the emotional state of a bystander
product contamination
refers to the diminished positive feelings someone has about a product because another consumer has handled the product
