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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5 - Diseases and Conditions > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Diseases and Conditions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

medical specilty concerned with diseases that directly affect the skin and sstemic diseases that manifest their effects on the skin

A

dermatology

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2
Q

physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases

A

dermatologist

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3
Q

areas of tissue that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection

A

lesion

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4
Q

lesions may affect tissue over an area of definitive size

A

localized

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5
Q

lesions may affect tissue over an area widely spread throughout the body

A

systemic

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6
Q

thes lesions are the initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and may be flat or elevated

A

primary skin lesions

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7
Q

these lesions are changes that take plac e in the primary lesion as a result of infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of a disease

A

secondary skin lesions

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8
Q

flat, pigmented, circumscribed area less than 1 cm in diameter

A

macule (freckle, flat mole)

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9
Q

solid, elevated lesion less than 1 cm in diameter that may be the same color as the skin or pigmented (wart, pimple, eczema)

A

papule

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10
Q

palpable, circumscribed lesion, larger and deeper that a papule (nevus, benign tumor)

A

nodule

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11
Q

solid, elevated lesion larger than 2 cm in diameter that extends into the dermal and subcutaneous layers (lipoma, steatoma)

A

tumor

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12
Q

elevated, firm, rounded lesion with localized skin edema (swelling) that varies in size, shape, and color, paler in the center than its surrounding edges (hives, insect bites)

A

wheal

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13
Q

elevated, circumscribed, fluid-filled lesion less than 0.5 cm (poison ivy, chicken pox)

A

vesicle

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14
Q

small, raised, circumscribed lesion that contains pus (acne)

A

pustule

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15
Q

vesicle or blister larger than 1 cm (severe poison oak/ivy)

A

bulla

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16
Q

linear scratch marks or traumatized abrasions of the epidermis (scratches, burns)

A

excoriations

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17
Q

small slit of cracklike sore that extends into the dermal layer, could be caused on inflammation and drying

A

fissure

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18
Q

an open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis and usually heals with scarring (pressure sore)

A

ulcer

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19
Q

macule, papule, nodule, tumor, wheal, vesicle, pustule, and bulla are examples of `

A

primary lesions

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20
Q

excoriations, fissures, and ulcers are examples of

A

secondary lesions

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21
Q

tissue injuries caused by contact with thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agents

A

burn

22
Q

least serious type of burn because they injure only the op layers of the skin, caused by contact with dry or moist heat (thermal burn), too much sun (sunburn, or exposure to chemicals (chemical burn)

A

first-degree (superficial) burn

23
Q

first-degree burns can cause skin redness (______) and acute sensitivity to sensory stimuli as touch, heat, or cold (_____)

A

erythema, hyperesthesia

24
Q

burns that damage the epidermis and part of the dermis, caused by contact with flames, hot liquids, or chemcials

A

second-degree (partial-thickness)

25
Q

second-degree burns can cause fluid-filled blisters (______ or ______)to appear

A

vesicles or bullae

26
Q

burn where the epidermis and dermis are destroyed, and some of the underlying connective tissue is damaged, leaving the skin waxy and charred with intensity to touch, caused by corrosive chemicals, flames, electricity, hot objects, hot water, clothing catches fire.

A

third-degree (full-thickness) burns

27
Q

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

A

abscess

28
Q

inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and har follicles of the skin, blackheads, pustules, papules, nodules, and cysts

A

acne

29
Q

partial or complete loss of har resulting from normal aging, baldness

A

alopecia

30
Q

very early form of skin cancer, red, scaly patch of skin

A

bowen disease

31
Q

diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

A

cellulitis

32
Q

pigmentary disease discoloration usually occuring in yellowish-brown patches of spots

A

chloasma

33
Q

typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by the accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin

A

comedo

34
Q

inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, pressure ulcer

A

decubitus ulcer

35
Q

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area colors changes from a bluish black to greenish brown or yellow, called a bruise

A

ecchymosis

36
Q

a chronic inflammatory skin condition

A

eczema

37
Q

redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

A

erythema

38
Q

dead matter that sloughed off from the surface of the skin

A

eschar

39
Q

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

A

impetigo

40
Q

thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (callus or wart)

A

keratosis

41
Q

small brown macules, especially on the far and arms, brought on by sun exposure

A

lentigo

42
Q

unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin

A

pallor

43
Q

infestation with lice

A

pediculosis

44
Q

minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

A

petechia

45
Q

intense itching

A

pruritus

46
Q

chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches converted by thick, dry, silvery scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer

A

psoriasis

47
Q

any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin of mucous membranes

A

purpura

48
Q

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

A

scabies

49
Q

fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected, called ringworm

A

tinea

50
Q

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheels or hives

A

urticaria

51
Q

epidermal growth caused by a virus, known as wars

A

verruca

52
Q

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by mild-white patches

A

vitligo

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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