Chapter 5 Definitions Flashcards
kinetic energy
the energy an object possesses by virtue of its motion
absolute zero
theoretically, the lowest possible temperature, equal to -273 deg C or -460 deg F. At this point, all atomic and molecular motion ceases
divergence
the spreading of a beam or wave
medium
a material used to promote the transfer of energy. An object or substance that permits the transmission of energy through it
states of matter
physical matter can take three forms: solid, liquid, and gas. Using H2O as example, we see the three states of mater as ice, water, and steam.
intra-articular
within a joint
cryoglobulinemia
a condition in which abnormal blood proteins, cryoglobulins, group together when exposed to cold. This can lead to skin color changes, hives, subcutaneous hemorrhage, and other disorders.
lupus
a chronic disorder of hte boyd’s immune system that affects the skin, joints, internal organs, and neurological system
neuralgia
pain following the path of a nerve; a hypersensitive nerve
peripheral vascular disease
actuallly, a syndrome describing an insufficiency of arteries or veins for maintaining proper circulation (also known as PVD)
Raynaud’s phenomenon
a vascular reaction to cold application or stress that results in a white, red, or blue discoloration of the extremities. The fingers and toes are the first to be affected
Urticaria
skin vascular reaction to an irritant characterized by red, itch areas; wheals; or papules. Commonly referred to as “hives”
synovium
membrane lining the cpsule of joint
vasomotor
muscles and their associated nerves acting on arteries and veins that cause constriction or dilation
acetylcholine
neurotranmitter responsible for transmitting motor nerve impulses
hypothalamus
the body’s thermoregulatory center
hypothermia
decreased core temperature
intracellular
within the membrane of a cell
impedance plethysmography
a determination of blood flow based on the amount of electrical resistance in the area
perfusion
local blood flow that supplies tissues and organs with oxygen and nutrients
oxyhemoglobin
hemoglobin taht is carrying oxygen found in the arterial system
axonotmesis
damage to nerve tissue without physical severing of the nerve
counterirritant
a substance causing irritation of superficial sensory nerves so as to reduce the transmission of pain from underlying nerves
neurapraxia
a temporary loss of function in a peripheral nerve
