Chapter 12 Definitions Flashcards
electro-osmotic
pertainign to the movement of ions as a result of electrical charges. Positive ions move away from the positive pole toward the negative pole; negative ions move away from the negative pole toward the positive pole
master points
points that, according to the thoery of acupuncture, connect skin ares to deeper energy channels. Stimulating master points resutls in systemic changes
channel (electrical)
an electrical circuit consisting of two poles that operate independently of other circuits
pH (potential of hydrogen)
a measure of acidity or alkalinity (bases). A neutral solution has a pH of 7. Acids have a pH of less than 7; bases greater than 7.
innervate
normal and sufficient nerve supply to a muscle, body area, and so on
tetany
total contraction of a muscle achieved through the recruitment and contraction of all motor units
tonic contraction
prolonged contration of a muscle
delayed-onset muscle soreness
residual muscle soreness, caused secondary to damage of the muscle cells, which appears within 24 hours after heavy muscular activity, particularly with eccentric muscle actions
isokinetic (contraction)
a muscle contraction against a variable resistance where limb moves throughout the range of motion at a constant speed
isotonic (contractions)
muscle contraction through a range of motion against a constant resistance
upper motor neuron lesion
a spinal cord lesion resulting in paralysis, loss of voluntary movmeent, spasticity, sensory loss, and pathological reflexes
wallerian degeneration
graudal physiological breakdown of a nerve axon that has been severed from its body
overload principle
for strength gains to occur, the body must be subjected to more stress than it is accustomed to. This is accomplised by increasing the load, frequency, or duration of the exercise
phosphocreatine system
a compound that is important in muscle metabolism
dermal ulcer
a slow-healing or nonhealing break int he skin
