Chapter 5 CNS Flashcards
What is an adrenergic?
Refers to a drug stimulating a receptor for nor-epinephrine or epinephrine
What is an afferent signal?
Signal from peripheral to Brain and spinal cord.
Bottom-up signal
What is anti-adrenergic?
Drug blocking receptors for nor-epi and epi
What is anti-cholinergic?
Refers to drug blocking receptor for ACH
What is cholenergic?
Drugs that stimulate of a receptor for ACH
What is efferent?
Signals that come from brain/spinal cord to peripherals
top-down
What is norepinephrine?
Naturally occurring catecholamine neurotransmitter in the sympathetic terminal sites
What is parasympatholytic?
agents that inhibit or block effects in the parasympathetic nervous system
What is Parasympathomimetic?
Agents that cause stimulation of the parssympathetic nervous system
What is sympatholytic?
Agents that block or inhibit the effects of the sympathetic system
What is sympathomimetic?
Drugs that mimic the effects of the sympathetic system.
The sympathetic and parasympathetic system belong to what system?
The autonomic nervous system
What does parasympathetic system control?
-it control day to day bodily function.
CAUSES SLUD.
What is SLUD?
- salivation
- lacrimation
- urination
- defecation
What does stimulation of the sympathetic system do?
It is characterized as the flight or fight response.
What is the neuroeffector site?
The terminal nerve site for parasympathetic or sympathetic system.
- where ACH ends for muscarinic parasympathetic system
- epi and nor epi for sympathetic systems
What is another word for cholinergic?
Parasympathomimetic
What is another word for anti-cholinergic?
Parasympatholytic
What is another word for adrenergic?
Sympathomimetic
What is another word for anti-adrenergic?
Sympatholytic
Effects of Parasympathetic stimulation on heart
SA node and contractility
- SA NODE slowing of rate(decreased HR)
- decreased contractility (decreased atrial force)
Effects of Parasympathetic stimulation on lungs
On muscle and on mucous glands
- construction of smooth muscle
- increased mucous secretion
What is ACH?
Acetylcholine
The chemical used in nerve impulses at all pre ganglionic sites but only in post ganglionic sites of the parasympathetic system
Effects of Parasympathetic stimulation on blood vessels
Vasoconstriction,
-increased blood pressure due to loss of elasticity
Effects of sympathetic stimulation on heart
Increased heart rate, increased contractility
Effects of sympathetic stimulation on lungs
Bronchodilation
Beta 2 effect
Effects of sympathetic stimulation on blood vessels
Vasodilation
What is an M1 innervation do?
Increased secretion in nasal passages
What is an M3 innervation do?
Bronchoconstriction of the airways
What is an M2 innervation do?
Decreased heart rate and decreased contractility
What does antagonist do to M1-M3?
- decrease mucous secretions
- bronchodilation
- increased heart rate
What can parasympatholytic (anti-muscarinic) agents do?
3 examples
- bronchodilation
- drying of secretions for preop
- anti-diarrhea
What do alpha sites generally do?
EXCITE
-except for intestines and CNS receptors where they relax
What do beta sites generally do?
RELAX
-except for the heart where it excites it.
What do beta 1 receptors do?
They excite the heart.
Increase heart rate
Increase contractility
What do beta 2 receptors do?
The relax bronchiole smooth muscle and vascular beds of skeletal muscle.
What do alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors generally do?
They excite
What do alpha 2 and beta 2 receptors do?
INHIBIT
