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Professional Orientation to Mental Health Counseling > Chapter 5: Client Assessment & Diagnosis > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Client Assessment & Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

List the 6 types of assessment methods

A
  • Standardized tests
  • Checklists & rating scales
  • other inventories
  • Clinical interviews
  • Mental status examinations
  • Qualitative methods
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2
Q

How are mental status examinations helpful to the counselor?

A

Provides info about a client’s level of functioning and self-presentation

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3
Q

How are qualitative methods helpful? Give examples.

A

They are more flexible and adaptable than other methods- this makes them often more suitable for use with diverse clients.
Examples: card sorts, timelines

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4
Q

In what 3 ways can assessment be useful?

A
  • To inform the counselor and guide treatment planning
  • As an intervention (assessment can encourage client self-exploration and can help with decision making)
  • For evaluation and holding client accountable.
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5
Q

Around __% of American adults (18 and older) are affected by mental health disorders each year.

A

~ 18%

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6
Q

Describe Diagnosis

A
  • Diagnosis is not a judgment label.

- It is used to describe client systems in a way that can be understood by other professionals.

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7
Q

What is a mental disorder?

A

A syndrome characterized by significant disturbance in a person’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior, that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.

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8
Q

List the 20 categories of mental disorders:

A
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Schizophrenia Spectrum & other psychotic disorders
  • Bipolar & related disorders
  • Depressive disorders
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Obsessive-Compulsive & related disorders
  • Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
  • Dissociative disorders
  • Somatic symptom and related disorders
  • Feeding and eating disorders
  • Elimination disorders
  • Sleep-wake disorders
  • Sexual dysfunctions
  • Gender dysphoria
  • Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct disorders
  • Substance-related and addictive disorders
  • Neurocognitive disorders
  • Personality disorders
  • Paraphili disorders
  • Other Mental disorders
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9
Q

Describe and give examples of Neurodevelopmental Disorders:

A
  • These disorders first appear in early childhood, often before school starts.
  • Disorders involve difficulties in personal, social, and academic functioning.

Examples:

  • intellectual disabilities
  • autism spectrum disorders
  • ADHD
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10
Q

Describe and give examples of Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders:

A
  • These disorders have one common trait in common: psychotic symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders)

Examples:

  • schizotypal personality disorder
  • brief psychotic disorder
  • schizophrenia
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11
Q

Describe and give examples of Bipolar and Related Disorders:

A
  • Clients cycle between bouts of mania or hypomania and depression.
  • Can be debilitating

Examples:

  • bipopolar I
  • bipolar II
  • cycothymic disorder
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12
Q

Describe and give examples of Depressive Disorders:

A
  • Clients experience depressed mood.

Examples:

  • major depressive disorder
  • premenstrual dysphoric disorder
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13
Q

Describe and give examples of Anxiety Disorders:

A
  • Characterized by excessive fears and anxiety, combined with behavioral disturbances

Examples:

  • separation anxiety disorder
  • selective mutism
  • generalized anxiety disorder
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14
Q

Describe and give examples of Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders:

A
  • Leave the client feeling debilitated and prevents them from fully participating in their life.

Example:

  • OCD
  • body dysmorphic disorder
  • hoarding disorder
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15
Q

Describe and give examples of Trauma- and Stressor- Related Disorders:

A
  • Traumatic life events cause detrimental effects on the client’s mental and physical health.

Examples:

  • reactive attachment disorder
  • disinhibited social engagement disorder
  • PTSD
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16
Q

Describe and give examples of Dissociative Disorders:

A
  • Characterized by a loss in continuity of experience that can cause individuals to misinterpret identity, surroundings, and memory.

Examples:

  • dissociative identity disorder
  • depersonalization/derealization disorder
17
Q

Describe and give examples of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders:

A
  • client has thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to somatic (physical) symptoms

Examples:

  • somatic symptom disorder
  • illness anxiety disorder
  • conversion disorder
18
Q

Describe and give examples of Feeding and Eating Disorders:

A
  • Client experiences a persistent disturbance of the amount or types of food they eat

Examples:

  • pica
  • anorexia nervosa
  • bulimia nervosa
19
Q

Describe and give examples of Elimination Disorders:

A
  • Typically occur during childhood

Examples:

  • enuresis
  • encopresis
20
Q

Describe Gender Dysphoria:

A
  • Clients experience an incongruence between their expressed gender and the gender others assign to them.
21
Q

Describe and give examples of Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders:

A
  • Clients demonstrate a lack of emotional and behavioral self-control

Examples:

  • oppositional defiant disorder
  • conduct disorder
  • pyromania
22
Q

Describe and give examples of Neurocognitive Disorders:

A
  • The client exhibits a significant decline in normal cognitive functioning. (This is acquired, don’t developmental).
23
Q

Describe Personality Disorders:

A
  • Clients exhibit enduring patterns of functioning that are maladaptive, inflexible, and significantly impair social and occupational functioning and cause distress
24
Q

Describe and give examples of Paraphilic Disorders:

A
  • An abnormal/unnatural attraction

Examples:

  • Pedophilia
  • voyeuristic disorder
  • exhibitionistic disorder
25
Q

What is the mnemonic device that provides a guide to diagnosis and treatment of cleints?
What does each letter represent?

A

DO A CLIENT MAP

D- Diagnosis
O- Objectives of treatment
A- Assessment procedures
C- Clinician characteristics
L- Location of treatment
I- Interventions
E- Emphasis of treatment 
N- Numbers
T- Timing
M- Medication
A- Adjunct services
P- Prognosis
26
Q

Describe the biopsychosocial (BPS) model

A

an approach to medicine and mental health that recognizes the interrelated roles that biology, psychology, and social/cultural factors all play in maintaining wellness and illness.

Professional Orientation to Mental Health Counseling (5 decks)

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