Chapter 5: Client Assessment & Diagnosis Flashcards
List the 6 types of assessment methods
- Standardized tests
- Checklists & rating scales
- other inventories
- Clinical interviews
- Mental status examinations
- Qualitative methods
How are mental status examinations helpful to the counselor?
Provides info about a client’s level of functioning and self-presentation
How are qualitative methods helpful? Give examples.
They are more flexible and adaptable than other methods- this makes them often more suitable for use with diverse clients.
Examples: card sorts, timelines
In what 3 ways can assessment be useful?
- To inform the counselor and guide treatment planning
- As an intervention (assessment can encourage client self-exploration and can help with decision making)
- For evaluation and holding client accountable.
Around __% of American adults (18 and older) are affected by mental health disorders each year.
~ 18%
Describe Diagnosis
- Diagnosis is not a judgment label.
- It is used to describe client systems in a way that can be understood by other professionals.
What is a mental disorder?
A syndrome characterized by significant disturbance in a person’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior, that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.
List the 20 categories of mental disorders:
- Neurodevelopmental disorders
- Schizophrenia Spectrum & other psychotic disorders
- Bipolar & related disorders
- Depressive disorders
- Anxiety disorders
- Obsessive-Compulsive & related disorders
- Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
- Dissociative disorders
- Somatic symptom and related disorders
- Feeding and eating disorders
- Elimination disorders
- Sleep-wake disorders
- Sexual dysfunctions
- Gender dysphoria
- Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct disorders
- Substance-related and addictive disorders
- Neurocognitive disorders
- Personality disorders
- Paraphili disorders
- Other Mental disorders
Describe and give examples of Neurodevelopmental Disorders:
- These disorders first appear in early childhood, often before school starts.
- Disorders involve difficulties in personal, social, and academic functioning.
Examples:
- intellectual disabilities
- autism spectrum disorders
- ADHD
Describe and give examples of Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders:
- These disorders have one common trait in common: psychotic symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders)
Examples:
- schizotypal personality disorder
- brief psychotic disorder
- schizophrenia
Describe and give examples of Bipolar and Related Disorders:
- Clients cycle between bouts of mania or hypomania and depression.
- Can be debilitating
Examples:
- bipopolar I
- bipolar II
- cycothymic disorder
Describe and give examples of Depressive Disorders:
- Clients experience depressed mood.
Examples:
- major depressive disorder
- premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Describe and give examples of Anxiety Disorders:
- Characterized by excessive fears and anxiety, combined with behavioral disturbances
Examples:
- separation anxiety disorder
- selective mutism
- generalized anxiety disorder
Describe and give examples of Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders:
- Leave the client feeling debilitated and prevents them from fully participating in their life.
Example:
- OCD
- body dysmorphic disorder
- hoarding disorder
Describe and give examples of Trauma- and Stressor- Related Disorders:
- Traumatic life events cause detrimental effects on the client’s mental and physical health.
Examples:
- reactive attachment disorder
- disinhibited social engagement disorder
- PTSD
Describe and give examples of Dissociative Disorders:
- Characterized by a loss in continuity of experience that can cause individuals to misinterpret identity, surroundings, and memory.
Examples:
- dissociative identity disorder
- depersonalization/derealization disorder
Describe and give examples of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders:
- client has thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to somatic (physical) symptoms
Examples:
- somatic symptom disorder
- illness anxiety disorder
- conversion disorder
Describe and give examples of Feeding and Eating Disorders:
- Client experiences a persistent disturbance of the amount or types of food they eat
Examples:
- pica
- anorexia nervosa
- bulimia nervosa
Describe and give examples of Elimination Disorders:
- Typically occur during childhood
Examples:
- enuresis
- encopresis
Describe Gender Dysphoria:
- Clients experience an incongruence between their expressed gender and the gender others assign to them.
Describe and give examples of Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders:
- Clients demonstrate a lack of emotional and behavioral self-control
Examples:
- oppositional defiant disorder
- conduct disorder
- pyromania
Describe and give examples of Neurocognitive Disorders:
- The client exhibits a significant decline in normal cognitive functioning. (This is acquired, don’t developmental).
Describe Personality Disorders:
- Clients exhibit enduring patterns of functioning that are maladaptive, inflexible, and significantly impair social and occupational functioning and cause distress
Describe and give examples of Paraphilic Disorders:
- An abnormal/unnatural attraction
Examples:
- Pedophilia
- voyeuristic disorder
- exhibitionistic disorder
