Chapter 5 - Civil War Flashcards
1
Q
- Apologists
A
- A person who argues something controversial
- Argues for something that is criticized
- Apologizes for sin ( Sarcastic )
2
Q
- Popular Sovereignty
A
- The principle that ultimate power lies in the hands of the electorate
- Causes the issue of 1848 Election
3
Q
- Free Soil Party
A
- Led by Martin Van Buren
- Anti-Slavery Northerners
- Federal aid for internal
4
Q
- Compromise of 1850
A
- Laws meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories
- Admission of California as a Free State and federal the Fugitive Slave Act
5
Q
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
A
- Proposed by Stephen Douglas
- Repealed MO compromise
- Territory open to popular sovereignty
- Conflict in Election
6
Q
- Boarder Ruffians and Bleeding Kansas
A
- Hopped boarder to sway election in favor of slavery
- resulted in division of Democratic Party, Kansas in limbo, and slavery still not solved
7
Q
- Le Compton Consituion
A
- Written by “Free Soilers” to justify their legality to swing the vote
- ## Kansas as slave
8
Q
- Sumner-Brooks clash
A
- Massachusetts Representative speech verbally attacks another senator who decides to respond with violence
- This bringing up shows that the situation has become out of hand
8
Q
- Gag Resolution
A
- No mention of slavery is to be discussed in government or federal forum
9
Q
- Nat Turners Rebellion
A
- Armed rebellion
- Slave rebellion in Virginia
10
Q
- William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
A
- Abolition writer of the abolition newspaper
- Advocated for Emancipation
- Ended with ratification of 13th amendment
11
Q
- Fredrick Douglass and The North Star
A
- Abolition leader
- No one want to know
12
Q
- John Brown and Harper’s Ferry
A
I’m
13
Q
- Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A
- Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
- Dramatized the horrors of Slavery
14
Q
- Dred Scott v. Sandford
A
- Established slaves as property not people
- Slaves are still owned by owners even if in slave states
15
Q
- Republican Party
A
- Founded by former Whigs and free-Soilers
- Opposed Nebraska-Kansas act
- Advocated Liberty/enterprise/abolition
16
Q
- Panic of 1857
A
- Declined international economy and over-expanding of domestic economy
17
Q
- Lincoln-Douglas Debates and the Freeport Doctrine
A
- In spite of Dred Scott decision slavery could be excluded from U.S territories by local legislation
18
Q
- Election of 1860
A
- Lincoln Elected
- South Carolina succeeded and 7 more states succeeded by inauguration
19
Q
- Crittenden Compromise
A
- Unsuccessful by Kentucky senator John J. Crittenden
- Aimed to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860–1861 by addressing the grievances that led the slave states success h
20
Q
- Fort Sumter
A
- Beginning of the American Civil War
21
Q
- Jefferson Davis
A
- President of the southern confederate states
- Struggled to keep a solid government
22
Q
- Border state
A
- Slave states that borders the slave and free states during the start of the civil war
23
Q
- Anaconda Plan
A
- War strategy by union (Never applied)
- Strangle and engulf the south
24
Q
- Monitor and Merrimack
A
- Iron clad ships
25
Q
- Writ of Habeas Corpus
A
- Is a court order to a person
- Holding someone in custody
26
Q
- New York Draft Riots
A
- Draft Week
- Violent diary banes in New York City
27
Q
- Emancipation Proclamation
A
- Issued by Abraham Lincoln
- Declared that all slaves are emancipated and free in all rebel states
28
Q
- Intelligent Contraband
A
- Describes escaped slaves who affiliated with Union forces
29
Q
- Battle of Gettysburg
A
- Involved largest number of casualties
- War’s turning point
30
Q
- Gettysburg Address
A
- By Abraham Lincoln
- U.S commitment to a democracy ( “Equal” justice)
- Citizens are not property of state or legislature
31
Q
- Sherman’s March to the Sea
A
- Savannah Campaign
- March led by William Tecumseh Sherman
32
Q
- Copperheads
A
- Democrats opposed of the American civil war
- Wanted immediate peace settlement with confederates
33
Q
- Radical Republicans
A
- American politicians opposed of war and slavery
- Confiscation act (used wartime legislation to destroy slavery)
34
Q
- Freeman’s Bureau
A
- Government organization to aid displaced blacks and war refugees
- Provided direct payment to assist poverty and foster social welfare
35
Q
- Exodusters
A
- African Americans that came out from the Deep South
- Settled in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity
36
Q
- Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction
A
- Issued by Lincoln
- Conciliatory plan for reunification of the U.S
- Preliminary plans for post war reconstruction
37
Q
- Wade-Davis Bill
A
- Proposed by congress required oath of allegiance by majority
- Permanent disfranchisement of confederate leaders
38
Q
- 13th amendment
A
- Abolishing of slavery an involuntary servitude except for punishment for a crime
39
Q
- 14th amendment
A
- All people born in the U.S is a citizen of U.S
- Representation determined by state population
- No person could hold office or representative if previously taken an oath member of congress or an officer
- Debt of U.S shall not be questioned
40
Q
- 15th amendment
A
- All citizens of the U.S could not be denied of voting through race, color, or previous condition of servitude
41
Q
- Black Codes
A
- Laws by south states after civil war
- denied civil rights to ex-slaves
- punished vague crimes
or failure of labor contract - tried to force African Americans to plantation labor system
42
Q
- Sharecropping
A
- Labor system landowners and southern farm workers divided crop and harvest on land owner’s property
- exchange for a lien on the crop
- Cash crop production trapped farmers into long term debt
43
Q
- Civil Rights Bill of 1866
A
- Passes by congress over Andrew Johnson’s veto
- Declared all persons born in U.S is a citizen without regard to race, color, or previous condition
44
Q
- Military Reconstruction Act
A
- Divided south into 5 military districts
- Outlined a new government
45
Q
- Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
A
- Ex-confederate to northerners
- Motivated by idealism and search for personal profit
- Southern whites supported republican reconstruction ( redivided by ex-confederate as traitors )
46
Q
- “New South”
A
- The southern U.S after civil war
47
Q
- “Redeemer” Government
A
- Remodeling of the old form of government
48
Q
- Klu Klux Klan
A
- Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans
- Fight the perceived threats posed by (African Americans/ immigrants/ radicals/ feminists/ Catholics/ and Jews)
49
Q
- Tenure of Office Acts
A
- U.S Federal Law to restrict the president to remove certain office-holders without approval of senate
50
Q
- “Seward Folly”
A
- Treaty with Russia in negotiation of the purchase of Alaska
- Seward’s Ice Box
51
Q
- Plessy v. Ferguson
A
- 1896 Supreme Court case
- ruled racially segregated railroad cars and public facilities “separate but equal” is permitted due to 14th amendment
52
Q
- Jim Crow Laws
A
- System of racial segregation in the south
- Lasted a century from after the civil war
53
Q
- Grandfather Clause
A
- Provision in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases.
54
Q
- Compromise of 1877
A
- unwritten deal settled the disputed U.S presidential election, federal troops out from south, an ended reconstruction era m
55
Q
- Transcontinental Railroad
A
- Railway line completed 1869
- connected central pacific and Union Pacific lines
- enabled goods to move by railway
56
Q
- “Buffalo Soldier”
A
- African American who fought in the war in the plains agains the native Americans
57
Q
- Ghost Dance
A
- Religion that combined Christianity and Traditional Native American
- Hope of sacred dance thy would return the bison herd and chase away the white
58
Q
- Indian Wars
A
- conflicts between American settlers and Natives
- competition of resources and expansion
59
Q
- Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
A
- Law that gave Native Americans ownership of land
- dividing reservation into homesteads
- Natives losses land and led to disaster
60
Q
- Turners Frontier Thesis
A
- Fredrick Jackson Turner
- American democracy is formed by American frontier line
- Impacted pioneers going through this process
- Closing American frontier
- “humanity will continue progress as long as land is present”
