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AP US History > Chapter 5 - Civil War > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Civil War Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Apologists
A
  • A person who argues something controversial
  • Argues for something that is criticized
  • Apologizes for sin ( Sarcastic )
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2
Q
  1. Popular Sovereignty
A
  • The principle that ultimate power lies in the hands of the electorate
  • Causes the issue of 1848 Election
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3
Q
  1. Free Soil Party
A
  • Led by Martin Van Buren
  • Anti-Slavery Northerners
  • Federal aid for internal
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4
Q
  1. Compromise of 1850
A
  • Laws meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories
  • Admission of California as a Free State and federal the Fugitive Slave Act
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5
Q
  1. Kansas-Nebraska Act
A
  • Proposed by Stephen Douglas
  • Repealed MO compromise
  • Territory open to popular sovereignty
  • Conflict in Election
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6
Q
  1. Boarder Ruffians and Bleeding Kansas
A
  • Hopped boarder to sway election in favor of slavery

- resulted in division of Democratic Party, Kansas in limbo, and slavery still not solved

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7
Q
  1. Le Compton Consituion
A
  • Written by “Free Soilers” to justify their legality to swing the vote
  • ## Kansas as slave
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8
Q
  1. Sumner-Brooks clash
A
  • Massachusetts Representative speech verbally attacks another senator who decides to respond with violence
  • This bringing up shows that the situation has become out of hand
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8
Q
  1. Gag Resolution
A
  • No mention of slavery is to be discussed in government or federal forum
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9
Q
  1. Nat Turners Rebellion
A
  • Armed rebellion

- Slave rebellion in Virginia

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10
Q
  1. William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
A
  • Abolition writer of the abolition newspaper
  • Advocated for Emancipation
  • Ended with ratification of 13th amendment
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11
Q
  1. Fredrick Douglass and The North Star
A
  • Abolition leader

- No one want to know

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12
Q
  1. John Brown and Harper’s Ferry
A

I’m

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13
Q
  1. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A
  • Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe

- Dramatized the horrors of Slavery

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14
Q
  1. Dred Scott v. Sandford
A
  • Established slaves as property not people

- Slaves are still owned by owners even if in slave states

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15
Q
  1. Republican Party
A
  • Founded by former Whigs and free-Soilers
  • Opposed Nebraska-Kansas act
  • Advocated Liberty/enterprise/abolition
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16
Q
  1. Panic of 1857
A
  • Declined international economy and over-expanding of domestic economy
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17
Q
  1. Lincoln-Douglas Debates and the Freeport Doctrine
A
  • In spite of Dred Scott decision slavery could be excluded from U.S territories by local legislation
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18
Q
  1. Election of 1860
A
  • Lincoln Elected

- South Carolina succeeded and 7 more states succeeded by inauguration

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19
Q
  1. Crittenden Compromise
A
  • Unsuccessful by Kentucky senator John J. Crittenden
  • Aimed to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860–1861 by addressing the grievances that led the slave states success h
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20
Q
  1. Fort Sumter
A
  • Beginning of the American Civil War
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21
Q
  1. Jefferson Davis
A
  • President of the southern confederate states

- Struggled to keep a solid government

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22
Q
  1. Border state
A
  • Slave states that borders the slave and free states during the start of the civil war
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23
Q
  1. Anaconda Plan
A
  • War strategy by union (Never applied)

- Strangle and engulf the south

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24
Q
  1. Monitor and Merrimack
A
  • Iron clad ships
25
Q
  1. Writ of Habeas Corpus
A
  • Is a court order to a person

- Holding someone in custody

26
Q
  1. New York Draft Riots
A
  • Draft Week

- Violent diary banes in New York City

27
Q
  1. Emancipation Proclamation
A
  • Issued by Abraham Lincoln

- Declared that all slaves are emancipated and free in all rebel states

28
Q
  1. Intelligent Contraband
A
  • Describes escaped slaves who affiliated with Union forces
29
Q
  1. Battle of Gettysburg
A
  • Involved largest number of casualties

- War’s turning point

30
Q
  1. Gettysburg Address
A
  • By Abraham Lincoln
  • U.S commitment to a democracy ( “Equal” justice)
  • Citizens are not property of state or legislature
31
Q
  1. Sherman’s March to the Sea
A
  • Savannah Campaign

- March led by William Tecumseh Sherman

32
Q
  1. Copperheads
A
  • Democrats opposed of the American civil war

- Wanted immediate peace settlement with confederates

33
Q
  1. Radical Republicans
A
  • American politicians opposed of war and slavery

- Confiscation act (used wartime legislation to destroy slavery)

34
Q
  1. Freeman’s Bureau
A
  • Government organization to aid displaced blacks and war refugees
  • Provided direct payment to assist poverty and foster social welfare
35
Q
  1. Exodusters
A
  • African Americans that came out from the Deep South

- Settled in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity

36
Q
  1. Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction
A
  • Issued by Lincoln
  • Conciliatory plan for reunification of the U.S
  • Preliminary plans for post war reconstruction
37
Q
  1. Wade-Davis Bill
A
  • Proposed by congress required oath of allegiance by majority
  • Permanent disfranchisement of confederate leaders
38
Q
  1. 13th amendment
A
  • Abolishing of slavery an involuntary servitude except for punishment for a crime
39
Q
  1. 14th amendment
A
  • All people born in the U.S is a citizen of U.S
  • Representation determined by state population
  • No person could hold office or representative if previously taken an oath member of congress or an officer
  • Debt of U.S shall not be questioned
40
Q
  1. 15th amendment
A
  • All citizens of the U.S could not be denied of voting through race, color, or previous condition of servitude
41
Q
  1. Black Codes
A
  • Laws by south states after civil war
  • denied civil rights to ex-slaves
  • punished vague crimes
    or failure of labor contract
  • tried to force African Americans to plantation labor system
42
Q
  1. Sharecropping
A
  • Labor system landowners and southern farm workers divided crop and harvest on land owner’s property
  • exchange for a lien on the crop
  • Cash crop production trapped farmers into long term debt
43
Q
  1. Civil Rights Bill of 1866
A
  • Passes by congress over Andrew Johnson’s veto

- Declared all persons born in U.S is a citizen without regard to race, color, or previous condition

44
Q
  1. Military Reconstruction Act
A
  • Divided south into 5 military districts

- Outlined a new government

45
Q
  1. Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
A
  • Ex-confederate to northerners
  • Motivated by idealism and search for personal profit
  • Southern whites supported republican reconstruction ( redivided by ex-confederate as traitors )
46
Q
  1. “New South”
A
  • The southern U.S after civil war
47
Q
  1. “Redeemer” Government
A
  • Remodeling of the old form of government
48
Q
  1. Klu Klux Klan
A
  • Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans
  • Fight the perceived threats posed by (African Americans/ immigrants/ radicals/ feminists/ Catholics/ and Jews)
49
Q
  1. Tenure of Office Acts
A
  • U.S Federal Law to restrict the president to remove certain office-holders without approval of senate
50
Q
  1. “Seward Folly”
A
  • Treaty with Russia in negotiation of the purchase of Alaska
  • Seward’s Ice Box
51
Q
  1. Plessy v. Ferguson
A
  • 1896 Supreme Court case

- ruled racially segregated railroad cars and public facilities “separate but equal” is permitted due to 14th amendment

52
Q
  1. Jim Crow Laws
A
  • System of racial segregation in the south

- Lasted a century from after the civil war

53
Q
  1. Grandfather Clause
A
  • Provision in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases.
54
Q
  1. Compromise of 1877
A
  • unwritten deal settled the disputed U.S presidential election, federal troops out from south, an ended reconstruction era m
55
Q
  1. Transcontinental Railroad
A
  • Railway line completed 1869
  • connected central pacific and Union Pacific lines
  • enabled goods to move by railway
56
Q
  1. “Buffalo Soldier”
A
  • African American who fought in the war in the plains agains the native Americans
57
Q
  1. Ghost Dance
A
  • Religion that combined Christianity and Traditional Native American
  • Hope of sacred dance thy would return the bison herd and chase away the white
58
Q
  1. Indian Wars
A
  • conflicts between American settlers and Natives

- competition of resources and expansion

59
Q
  1. Dawes Severalty Act of 1887
A
  • Law that gave Native Americans ownership of land
  • dividing reservation into homesteads
  • Natives losses land and led to disaster
60
Q
  1. Turners Frontier Thesis
A
  • Fredrick Jackson Turner
  • American democracy is formed by American frontier line
  • Impacted pioneers going through this process
  • Closing American frontier
  • “humanity will continue progress as long as land is present”

AP US History (5 decks)

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