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AP US History > Chapter 3 - American Revolution > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - American Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. John Locke
A
  • Philosopher of the French enlightenment
  • Founding father of the Enlightenment
  • “Life Liberty and Property”
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2
Q
  1. Navigation Acts
A
  • Series of laws that restricted the use of foreign ships for trade between Britain and the colonies
  • Salutary neglect
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3
Q
  1. Salutary Neglect
A
  • Avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obedient to England
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4
Q
  1. Stamp Act Congress
A
  • Historical event
  • First unified meeting of American colonies o respond to British colonial policies
  • Stamp act repealed
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5
Q
  1. Sons of Liberty
A
  • Organization of American colonists
  • Secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonist
  • To fight taxation of the British government
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6
Q
  1. First and Second Continental
A
  • Convention of delegates by the thirteen colonies
  • Coercive Intolerable Acts
  • Declaration of rights
  • First Reconciliation
  • Second Revolution
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7
Q
  1. Olive Branch Petition
A
  • By Charles Dickenson

- Negotiation about military conflict with King George III

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8
Q
  1. Patriots and Loyalists
A
  • Patriots ( younger/ poor working class family/ away from ports/ weak Anglican Church)
  • Loyalist ( older/ conservative family/ rich aristocrat/ strong Anglican Church)
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9
Q
  1. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
A
  • Urged for American independence
  • Wrote directly an convincing (plain)
  • Enspired by the enlightenment
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10
Q
  1. continental Army
A
  • Against Britain

- Army created by the colonial ruler and amerIca

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11
Q
  1. Declaration of Independence
A
  • Justification of independence for republican to Anglican
  • Sovereignly important principle
  • Approved by congress
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12
Q
  1. Treaty of Paris
A
  • Britain Recognized American independence
  • Relinquished claims of land south of the great lakes and east of Mississippi
  • Ended American Revolution and recognized independence
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13
Q
  1. “Republican Motherhood”
A
  • Attitude towards women roles in emerging America of the 20th century
  • Patriot daughters should be raised to uphold ideas of republicanism
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14
Q
  1. Articles of Confederation
A
  • written document defining the structure of the government from 1781 to 1788
  • Union was a confederation of equal states with no executive an limited powers existing mainly to foster a common defense
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15
Q
  1. Northwest Ordinances (1785) and (1787)
A

-1787 Land act provided orderly settlement of territories ( Ohio/Indiana/Illinois/Michigan/Wisconsin ) also banned slavery

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16
Q
  1. Shay’s Rebellion
A
  • Dissident farmer uprising in western Massachusetts (many revolutionary veterans)
  • Protest taxation policies of the eastern elites who controlled state government
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17
Q
  1. Constitutional Convention
A
  • Met in Philadelphia 1787

- Address problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation

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18
Q
  1. Federalism
A
  • Supporting of the constitution of 1787
  • Created a strong central government
  • Anti-Federalist (Feared central government would corrupt the nations Liberty)
19
Q
  1. Republicanism
A
  • Believes a state without monarchy or prince that is governed by representatives of the people
20
Q
  1. Separation of Power
A
  • An act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
21
Q
  1. Virginia Plan
A
  • Drafted by James Madison
  • Presented to Philadelphia Constitutional Convention
  • 3-Branch government : (house in congress tied to population)
  • Eclipse the voice of small states in the national government
22
Q
  1. New Jersey Plan
A
  • Drafted by delegates of small states
  • Retain confederation single-house congress (1 vote per state)
  • Enhanced congressional powers to raise revenue, control commerce, make binding requisitions on the state
23
Q
  1. “Great Compromise”
A
  • Connecticut Compromise
  • Compromise of how each state would be represented in congress
  • Important compromise of US constitution of 1787
24
Q
  1. Thee-Fifths Compromise
A
  • Delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia
  • Determine a state’s representation in the U.S. House of Representatives.
  • The issue of how to count slaves split the delegates into two groups.
25
Q
  1. Enumerated Powers
A
  • Congress may exercise the powers that the Constitution grants it, subject to the individual rights listed in the Bill of Rights.
26
Q
  1. Elastic / “Necessary and Proper” clause
A
  • Granted Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers
27
Q
  1. Federalists
A
  • Supporter of the constitution of 1787

- Created strong central government

28
Q
  1. Federalist Papers
A
  • By James Madison

- urging citizens of New York to ratify the new US Constitution

29
Q
  1. Anti-Federalist
A
  • Diverse coalition of people who oppose ratification of constitution
30
Q
  1. Bill of Rights
A
  • First 10 amendments of the constitution ratified 1791

- Safeguard fundamental personal rights

31
Q
  1. Alexander Hamilton
A
  • First secretary of the treasury

- Leader of federalist party and established the national bank

32
Q
  1. Bank of the United States
A
  • Charted 1790
  • Store national money for federal government
  • Alexander Hamilton bank would provide stability to American economy (controversial)
  • Many thought was not in the constitution
33
Q
  1. Whiskey Rebellion
A
  • 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania

- Response to enforcement of an unpopular exceeding tax on whiskey

34
Q
  1. Washington’s Farewell Address
A
  • Warned against permanent foreign alliance
  • Warned against political parties
  • Public credit
  • Religion and morality
35
Q
  1. French Revolution (impact on U.S.)
A
  • 1789 initially welcomed by most Americans

- Abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchies

36
Q
  1. Federalist Party
A
  • Developed after American Revolution
  • Favored replacing the articles of confederation with the constitution
  • Desired strong central government
37
Q
  1. Democratic Republicans
A
  • First Republican Party
  • Led by Thomas Jefferson
  • states rights and strict to constitution
38
Q
  1. XYZ Affair
A
  • 1797 incident American negotiations in France were rebuffed
  • led U.S into and undeclared war that curtailed American trade with French West Indies
39
Q
  1. Alien Acts
A
  • Threatened to damage democratic society

- illegal to say criticize government, violation of the rights to speech

40
Q
  1. Sedition Acts
A
  • Law that prohibited any words or behavior that promote resistance to U.S. or help in the cause of its enemies
  • Violated rights of speech
41
Q
  1. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
A
  • 1798 commanding the alien and sedition acts

- Resolutions tested the idea that state legislature judge the constitutionally of federal laws and nullify them

42
Q
  1. Revolutions in Haiti (Latin America)
A
  • 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from 3 European countries
  • Haiti became a free independent nation in which former slaves were citizens
43
Q
  1. Revolution of 1800
A
  • Election of Thomas Jefferson
  • Ushered in a generator of democratic Republican Party
  • Eventually demised Federalist Party

AP US History (5 decks)

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