Chapter 5-Civil Liberties Flashcards
Due process of law
Denies the government the right, without due process, to deprive people of life, liberty, and property
Equal protection of the laws
A standard of equal treatment that must be observed by the government
Selective incorporation
The process whereby the Court has applied the most, but not all, parts of the Bill of Rights to the states
Freedom of expression
Right of people to speak, publish, and assemble
Freedom of religion
People shall be free to exercise their religion, and the government may not establish a religion
Prior restraint
Censorship of a publication
Clear and present danger test
Law shall not punish speech unless there was a clear and present danger of producing harmful actions
Libel
Writing that falsely injures another person
Symbolic speech
An act that conveys a political message
Free-exercise clause
First Amendment requirement that law can’t prevent free exercise of religion
Establishment clause
First amendment ban on laws “respecting an establishment of religion
“
Wall of separation
Court ruling that government can’t be involved with religion
Exclusionary rule
Improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial
Search warrant
A judges order authorizing a search
Probable cause
Reasonable cause for issuing a search warrant or making an arrest; more than mere suspicion
