Chapter 5: Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Pathway of vessels:

A

artery to arteriole to capillary to exchange to venuole to vein

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2
Q

Why is the heart a double pump?

A

The first pump drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The second pump delivers oxygen to the rest of body.

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3
Q

Internal control of heartbeat:

A

SA node to AV node to AV bundle to Purkinje fibers.

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4
Q

Blood pressure decreases as it:

A

flows away from the heart.

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5
Q

Blood pressure is slowest in the capillaries to:

A

increase the exchange of gases , nutrients and wastes.

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6
Q

Blood pressure is very low in which blood vessel?

A

the veins

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7
Q

Venous return is dependent on how many factors, what are the factors?

A

3 factors. 1. Skeletal muscle pump. 2. Respiratory pump. 3. Valves present in veins.

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8
Q

How does the skeletal muscle pump work for blood pressure?

A

contracted skeletal muscle pushes past open valve. closed valve prevents backward flow of blood.

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9
Q

Name the two cardiovascular pathways and what each flows through:

A

Pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit. Pulmonary circulated blood through the lungs. Systemic circulates blood through body tissues/kidney

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10
Q

How many forces drive fluid in and out of capillaries and which forces do?

A

Two forces and blood pressure and osmotic pressure.

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11
Q

In the exchange of capillaries, blood pressure drives fluid:

A

out of the capillary at the arterial end of the capillary bed.

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12
Q

In the exchange of capillaries, osmotic pressure draws:

A

water into the capillary by osmosis, mostly at the venue end.

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13
Q

Hypertension:

A

high blood pressure of 140 or greater or a diastolic (low) pressure of 90 or greater.

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14
Q

Atherosclerosis:

A

buildup of atherosclerotic plaque in walls of blood vessels. Plaques narrow blood vessel diameter decreasing blood supply which can cause clots to form in roughened walls of arteries.

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15
Q

Stroke

A

occurs when cranial artery is blocked or bursts.

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