Chapter 11: Urinary System Flashcards
Urinary System contains:
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
What ate the kidneys covered by?
The renal capsule
The concave side of the kidney is where:
renal artery enters and a renal vein and ureter exit.
What do ureters do?
Conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Name the ureter wall layers.
Inner mucosa, smooth muscle layer, outer fibrous coat of connective tissue.
What pushes urine to the bladder?
Peristaltic contractions in the ureter.
Kidneys produce:
urine
Ureters transport:
urine
urinary bladder stores:
urine
urtethra passes urine to
exterior of body
Urinary bladder has how many openings?
Three. two for ureters and one for urethra.
Folds in mucosa are called:
rugae
Small folds of bladder mucosa act as a valve to:
prevent backward flow of urine into the ureter.
How many sphincters are there and where are there?
Two sphincters and they are where the urethra exits the bladder.
Internal Schphinter is composed of:
smooth muscle and is involuntarily controlled.
External Sphincter is composed of:
skeletal muscle and can be voluntarily controlled.
When urinary bladder fills with urine, what is activated and what do they do?
stretch receptors and they send sensory nerve signals to spinal cord.
Nerve impulses cause the urninary bladder to:
contract and causes the sphincters to relax.
Urethra tends from:
the urinary bladder to an external opening.
Women have longer ____ compared to men.
urethras. this makes them more susceptible to infections
In males, the urethra carries:
urine during urination and sperm during ejaculation.
Kidney structure:
Renal Cortex: outer layer
Renal medulla- inner layer and consists of tissue masses called renal pyramids.
Renal pelvis- central space that is continuous with the ureter.
Kidneys are composed of which type of cell and what do they do:
nephrons. they filter the blood and produce urine.
Several neurons empty urine into:
one collecting duct. these collecting ducts empty into renal pelvis.
Blood supply of nephron passageway:
renal artery to afferent arteriole to blood to glomerulus to glomerular capsule. Then the efferent arteriole to peritubular capillary network.
Efferent arteriole carries blood in which direction?
away from glomerulus.
Blood pressure is highest in glomerulus because:
the efferent arteriole is narrower than the afferent arteriole.
