Chapter 5: Bonding and Compounds Flashcards
Can two different elements bond together to gain stability?
Yes
Can atoms of one kind of element bond together to gain stability?
Yes, but not all.
Are most atoms unstable when they are not bonded to other atoms?
Yes
Are most elements found in their pure form in nature and rarely form compounds outside of scientific laboratories?
No
Do molecules form only when different elements bond together?
No
Is most of the oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere in the form O2- two oxygen atoms bonded together?
Yes
Do most atoms share, gain, or lose electrons in order to attain 6 electrons in their highest energy level?
No
When does the octet rule state that atoms are generally most stable?
Atoms are most stable when their rings are filled in with 8 valence electrons.
What does the octet rule generally determine?
-Atoms are most stable when they have a full 8 valence electrons
-In order to get 8 valence electrons, atoms must share or transfer electrons
The octet rule can be satisfied when an atoms does what?
-Shares an electron
-Gains enough electrons to have a full octet in it’s valence energy level
-Loses enough electrons to expose full octet of the next lower level
The properties of water are different form the properties of hydrogen and oxygen because why?
The hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms share electrons, so chemical bonding changes the properties.
Does chemical bonding preserve the physical and chemical properties of the elements involved?
No
What is a chemical bonded between two nonmetals with similar elctronegativity would likely be what?
Covalent
Covalent bonding forms _____________, while ionic bonding forms _________.
molecules; crystals
Between two oppositely charged ions
Ionic
Between atoms with very different electronegativites
Ionic
Between elements such as transition metals with similar low elctronegativites
Metallic
Most often formed between nonmetals
Covalent
Resulting in a sea of shared electrons
Covalent
Resulting from two atoms sharing electrons
Metallic
Resulting in a molecule
Covalent
What is the smallest ratio of ions within an ionic compound called?
Formula unit
Can molecules be formed by covalent or ionic bonds?
No
Does :N=N: represent a diatomic molecule with a triple covalent bond?
Yes
Why does diatomic nitrogen form triple bonds?
Each nitrogen atom needs three electrons to completer it’s octet.
Can only one covalent bond exist between two atoms?
No
Is a double covalent weaker than a single bond?
No
Do polar bonds form because some atoms have different electronegativites?
Yes
Are electrons shared in covalent bonds not necessarily equally shared?
Yes
Are polar molecules partially charged on each end?
Yes
Do polar bonds form because atoms of the same element have equal electronegativities?
No
Do polar bonds form because some atoms share electrons unequally?
Yes
Are electrons transferred between atoms?
Yes
Does ionic bonding form compounds known as salts?
Yes
Do ionic compounds share electrons relatively equally?
No
Does ionic bonding share electrons relatively equally?
No
Does ionic bonding occur between elements with very different electronegativites?
Yes
What is the Lewis structure for potassium fluoride?
[K]+ [:F:]
Can ionic bonds form between two cations or two anions?
No
In an ionic bond between an alkali metal atom and a nonmetal atom, the anion is what?
Nonmetal
The lack of subscript on the first part of the chemical formula CuSO4?
There is one Nitrogen atom.
How many atoms are represented by the chemical formula CuSO4
Six
Does a superscript on a chemical formula indicate the number of atoms?
No
What would be the chemical formula that would represent the ionic compound potassium nitride?
K3N
According to the periodic table, what ratio of ammonium (NH4) to chlorine (Cl-) ions would you expect to find in ammonium chloride?
1:1
What is the formula for aluminum oxide? (Aluminum has an oxidation state of +3)
Al2 O3
What is the oxidation number for iron in the compound iron (II) sulfate FeSO3?
+2
What is the name for the covalent compound SF6?
Sulfur hexafluoride
