Chapter 3: Atoms

Question 1

Who thought matter was continuous?

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

Who thought of indivisible “atomos?”

Answer 2

Democritus

Question 3

Who first called particles atomos, from which we get out word atom?

Answer 3

Democritus

Question 4

Who believed that atoms were spheres surrounded by heat envelopes?

Answer 4

Dalton

Question 5

Who thought atoms were indivisible and cannot be destroyed?

Answer 5

Dalton

Question 6

Who first suggested that elements are made of atoms and that the atoms of an element are alike?

Answer 6

Dalton

Question 7

Who proposed that atoms are hard spheres of different sizes and masses?

Answer 7

Dalton

Question 8

According to his research with Crookes tubes, which scientist suggested that the cathode rays were made of negatively charged particles?

Answer 8

Thompson

Question 9

Who first proved that atoms were divisible when he saw evidence of charged particles existing in the atom?

Answer 9

Thompson

Question 10

What is Thomson’s atomic model called?

Answer 10

Plum Pudding Model

Question 11

The discovery of electrons demonstrated that atoms are not what?

Answer 11

Indivisble

Question 12

Most of an atom consists of what?

Answer 12

Empty space

Question 13

Who developed the nuclear model?

Answer 13

Thompson

Question 14

Who developed the plum pudding model?

Answer 14

Thomspon

Question 15

Who developed the Saturnian model?

Answer 15

Nagaoka

Question 16

In Rutherford’s experiments a beam of what was directed at a piece of gold foil?

Answer 16

Alpha particle emmiter

Question 17

What was not an observation that led Rutherford to believe that most of the atom’s mass and positive charges were densely packed into a very small space?

Answer 17

Some alpha particles emitted protons as they fell back to their original energy levels

Question 18

The Bohr model suggests that electrons move how?

Answer 18

Energy levels

Question 19

What are two reasons that Bohr model is still in widespread use today?

Answer 19

It’s simple and represents energy levels that are easier to visualize.

Question 20

Who believed that electrons moved through spherical regions located a fixed distance from the nucleus?

Answer 20

Bohr

Question 21

What is the currently accepted model of the atom?

Answer 21

Quantum mechanical model

Question 22

Electrons in the quantum-mechanical model occupy what?

Answer 22

Orbitals

Question 23

The quantity of what subatomic particle in an atom of a substance determines the atom’s identity?

Answer 23

Proton

Question 24

What subatomic particle is the smallest of the three subatomic particles?

Answer 24

Electron

Question 25

The ______ is about 1836 times the mass of an electron.

Answer 25

proton

Question 26

The slightly more massive ______ is about 1838 times the mass of an electron.

Answer 26

neutron

Question 27

Potassium-39 and potassium-41 always have the same number of what?

Answer 27

Protons

Question 28

What subatomic particle has a charge of -1e?

Answer 28

Electron

Question 29

Copper-63 and copper-65 can never have the same number of what?

Answer 29

Neutron

Question 30

What subatomic particle is found in the nucleus and has no electrical charge?

Answer 30

Neutron

Question 31

What subatomic particle has a charge of +1e?

Answer 31

Proton

Question 32

An anion has more what than protons?

Answer 32

Electrons

Question 33

A cation has more what than electrons?

Answer 33

Protons

Question 34

Ions are atoms that have unequal numbers of what?

Answer 34

Electrons or protons

Question 35

An anion has a negative charge because why?

Answer 35

It gained electrons or lost protons.

Question 36

Which of these are typically represented with whole numbers - atomic mass, atomic number, or mass number?

Answer 36

Atomic number and mass number

Question 37

Which of the following is a weighted average - atomic mass, atomic number, or mass number?

Answer 37

Atomic mass

Question 38

Thompson discovered the existence of ________.

Answer 38

electrons

Question 39

What term means an atom of an element with a different mass?

Answer 39

Isotope

Question 40

What term means number of protons?

Answer 40

Atomic number

Question 41

What term means protons plus neutrons?

Answer 41

Mass number

Question 42

What is a cathode ray?

Answer 42

A stream of negatively charged particles.

Question 43

What was not in Rutherford’s model?

Answer 43

Neutrons

Question 44

Who was the first scientist to say that the atom is divisible?

Answer 44

Thompson