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Abnormal Psych > Chapter 5: Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Behavioral inhibition system (BIS)

A

Activated by signals from the brain stem of unexpected events, such as major changes in body functioning that might signal danger

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2
Q

What is anxiety useful for?

A

warning for threats

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3
Q

Anxiety becomes a disorder when:

A

out of proportion, significantly interferes with life

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4
Q

Anxiety vs Fear w/ Danger

A

anxiety: apprehensive (lack of control), fear: immediate danger

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5
Q

Anxiety vs Fear w/ Time

A

anxiety: future-oriented, fear: present-oriented

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6
Q

Anxiety vs Fear Systems

A

anxiety: somatic symptoms of tension (chest/abdominal pain), fear: sympathetic nervous system activated

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7
Q

What do anxiety and fear have in common?

A

both have a negative effect

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8
Q

panic attack

A

abrupt experience of intense fear

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9
Q

Anxiety Biological Effects

A

increased physiological vulnerability, polygenic influences, limbic system and BIS

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10
Q

Freud and Anxiety

A

reactivation of infantile fear situation

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11
Q

Types of Anxiety

A

reality, neurotic, moral

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12
Q

Examples of reality anxiety

A

realistic fear (dog bites), ego

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13
Q

Examples of neurotic anxiety

A

nervous fear, overwhelmed, Id

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14
Q

Examples of moral anxiety

A

social fear, punishment, guilt, superego

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15
Q

Expected (cued) panic attack

A

linked to known stressors and specific triggers

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16
Q

Unexpected (uncued) panic attack

A

occur suddenly without any obvious cause or indication

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17
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

acts as a mediator between the brain stem and cortex

18
Q

Triple Vulnerability Theory

A

generalized biological vulnerability, generalized psychological vulnerability, specific psychological vulnerability

19
Q

Triple Vulnerability Theory Definition

A

David Barlow; anxiety disorders result from the interaction of the three vulnerabilities

20
Q

Generalized Biological Vulnerability

A

vulnerability that is inherited that contributes to negative affect

21
Q

Generalized Psychological Vulnerability

A

generalized helplessness that exists within the person in every situation

22
Q

Specific Psychological Vulnerability

A

specific beliefs that make the person vulnerable in every situation

23
Q

One of your parents is afraid of dogs, so you develop a fear of dogs. Which type of vulnerability is this?

A

specific psychological vulnerability

24
Q

comorbidity

A

the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual

25
Q

A ____ is an abrupt experience of intense fear of acute discomfort accompanied by physical symptoms, such as chest pain and shortness of breath.

A

panic attack

26
Q

An ____ panic attack often occurs in certain situations but not anywhere else.

A

expected

27
Q

Anxiety is often associated with specific ___ (Ex: behavioral inhibition system or fight/flight system) and ___ systems (Ex: nonadrenergic).

A

brain circuits, neurotransmitter

28
Q

The rates of ____ among anxiety and related disorders are high because they share the common features of anxiety and panic.

A

comorbidity

29
Q

____ life events can trigger biological and psychological vulnerabilities to anxiety.

A

stressful

30
Q

Difference between panic and GAD

A

panic is associated with autonomic arousal, GAD is characterized by muscle tension and agitation, susceptibility to fatigue, some irritability, and difficulty sleeping

31
Q

Panic Disorder (PD)

A

individuals experience severe, unexpected panic attacks

32
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear and avoidance of situations in which a person feels unsafe or unable to escape in the event of panic

33
Q

common medication for anxiety

A

benzodiazepines

34
Q

Specific Phobias

A

extreme and irrational fear of a specific object or situation

35
Q

Four subtypes of specific phobia

A

blood-injection-injury, situational, natural environment, animal

36
Q

What makes Blood-injection-injury phobia different from other phobias?

A

significant decrease in heart rate and blood pressure

37
Q

Situational phobia

A

the fear of specific situations (Ex: claustrophobia)

38
Q

Natural Environment Phobias

A

fear of situations of events occurring in nature

39
Q

Four ways of developing a phobia

A

direct experience, experiencing a false alarm (panic attack), observing someone else experiencing severe fear, being told

40
Q

Information transmission

A

developing a phobia from being warned repeatedly about a potential danger

Abnormal Psych (5 decks)

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